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Despite the numerous advances, reinforcement learning remains away from widespread acceptance for autonomous controller design as compared to classical methods due to lack of ability to effectively tackle the reality gap. The reliance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Narendra Patwardhan , Zequn Wang

Enforcing complex (e.g., nonconvex) operational constraints is a critical challenge in real-world learning and control systems. However, existing methods struggle to efficiently enforce general classes of constraints. To address this, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Maria Chzhen , Priya L. Donti

Preference-based reinforcement learning has gained prominence as a strategy for training agents in environments where the reward signal is difficult to specify or misaligned with human intent. However, its effectiveness is often limited by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jonathan Erskine , Taku Yamagata , Raúl Santos-Rodríguez

Incarceration-diversion treatment programs aim to improve societal reintegration and reduce recidivism, but limited capacity forces policymakers to make prioritization decisions that often rely on risk assessment tools. While predictive,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chuwen Zhang , Pengyi Shi , Amy Ward

This survey (re)introduces reinforcement learning methods to economists. The curse of dimensionality limits how far exact dynamic programming can be effectively applied, forcing us to rely on suitably "small" problems or our ability to…

General Economics · Economics 2026-03-25 Pranjal Rawat

Many of the challenges facing today's reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, such as robustness, generalization, transfer, and computational efficiency are closely related to compression. Prior work has convincingly argued why minimizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Benjamin Eysenbach , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Sergey Levine

If capable AI agents are generally incentivized to seek power in service of the objectives we specify for them, then these systems will pose enormous risks, in addition to enormous benefits. In fully observable environments, most reward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Alexander Matt Turner , Prasad Tadepalli

At the core of reinforcement learning is the idea of learning beyond the performance in the data. However, scaling such systems has proven notoriously tricky. In contrast, techniques from generative modeling have proven remarkably scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Kevin Frans , Seohong Park , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine

Single-task RL agents are typically trained under a fixed reward function, which limits their robustness to reward misspecification and their ability to adapt to changing preferences. We introduce Reward-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Michal Nauman , Marek Cygan , Pieter Abbeel

In this paper, we propose a novel Reinforcement Learning approach for solving the Active Information Acquisition problem, which requires an agent to choose a sequence of actions in order to acquire information about a process of interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Heejin Jeong , Brent Schlotfeldt , Hamed Hassani , Manfred Morari , Daniel D. Lee , George J. Pappas

In this paper, we consider Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) with error states. Error states are those states entering which is undesirable or dangerous. We define the risk with respect to a policy as the probability of entering such a state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-09-13 P. Geibel , F. Wysotzki

When developing reinforcement learning agents, the standard approach is to train an agent to converge to a fixed policy that is as close to optimal as possible for a single fixed reward function. If different agent behaviour is required in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-01-29 David O'Callaghan , Patrick Mannion

The competitive and cooperative forces of natural selection have driven the evolution of intelligence for millions of years, culminating in nature's vast biodiversity and the complexity of human minds. Inspired by this process, we propose a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Andries Rosseau , Raphaël Avalos , Ann Nowé

Learning in a lifelong setting, where the dynamics continually evolve, is a hard challenge for current reinforcement learning algorithms. Yet this would be a much needed feature for practical applications. In this paper, we propose an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Pierre Liotet , Francesco Vidaich , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

Reinforcement learning presents an attractive paradigm to reason about several distinct aspects of sequential decision making, such as specifying complex goals, planning future observations and actions, and critiquing their utilities.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Siyan Zhao , Aditya Grover

Learning-based control has attracted significant attention in recent years, especially for plants that are difficult to model based on first-principles. A key issue in learning-based control is how to make efficient use of data as the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Kaikai Zheng , Dawei Shi , Sandra Hirche , Yang Shi

We introduce a model of graph-constrained dynamic choice with reinforcement modeled by positively $\alpha$-homogeneous rewards. We show that its empirical process, which can be written as a stochastic approximation recursion with Markov…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Konstantin Avrachenkov , Vivek S. Borkar , Sharayu Moharir , Suhail M. Shah

In this paper, we present an online reinforcement learning algorithm for constrained Markov decision processes with a safety constraint. Despite the necessary attention of the scientific community, considering stochastic stopping time, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Abhijit Mazumdar , Rafal Wisniewski , Manuela L. Bujorianu

We study the problem of online model selection in reinforcement learning, where the selector has access to a class of reinforcement learning agents and learns to adaptively select the agent with the right configuration. Our goal is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Aida Afshar , Aldo Pacchiano

Reinforcement learning (RL) requires skillful definition and remarkable computational efforts to solve optimization and control problems, which could impair its prospect. Introducing human guidance into reinforcement learning is a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Jingda Wu , Zhiyu Huang , Wenhui Huang , Chen Lv