English
Related papers

Related papers: Diagnosing Generalization Failures from Representa…

200 papers

State-of-the-art learning-based monocular 3D reconstruction methods learn priors over object categories on the training set, and as a result struggle to achieve reasonable generalization to object categories unseen during training. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Miguel Angel Bautista , Walter Talbott , Shuangfei Zhai , Nitish Srivastava , Joshua M Susskind

As machine learning becomes increasingly central to molecular design, it is vital to ensure the reliability of learnable protein-ligand scoring functions on novel protein targets. While many scoring functions perform well on standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Jakub Kopko , David Graber , Saltuk Mustafa Eyrilmez , Stanislav Mazurenko , David Bednar , Jiri Sedlar , Josef Sivic

Domain generalization algorithms use training data from multiple domains to learn models that generalize well to unseen domains. While recently proposed benchmarks demonstrate that most of the existing algorithms do not outperform simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Tigran Galstyan , Hrayr Harutyunyan , Hrant Khachatrian , Greg Ver Steeg , Aram Galstyan

The success of modern Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies depends critically on the ability to learn non-linear functional dependencies from large, high dimensional data sets. Despite recent high-profile successes, empirical evidence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Luca Bortolussi , Guido Sanguinetti

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is crucial to the safe deployment of a classifier in the real world. However, deep neural networks are known to be overconfident for abnormal data. Existing works directly design score function by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Wenyu Jiang , Yuxin Ge , Hao Cheng , Mingcai Chen , Shuai Feng , Chongjun Wang

Deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis is gradually deployed to review and analyze medical images. However, this paradigm is restricted in real-world clinical applications due to the poor robustness and generalization. The issue is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yurong Chen

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have exhibited remarkable performance under the assumption that test data comes from the same distribution of training data. However, in real-world scenarios, this assumption may not always be valid.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Kai Guo , Hongzhi Wen , Wei Jin , Yaming Guo , Jiliang Tang , Yi Chang

Understanding how neural networks generalize on unseen data is crucial for designing more robust and reliable models. In this paper, we study the generalization gap of neural networks using methods from topological data analysis. For this…

One of the main challenges in modern deep learning is to understand why such over-parameterized models perform so well when trained on finite data. A way to analyze this generalization concept is through the properties of the associated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Alison Pouplin , Hrittik Roy , Sidak Pal Singh , Georgios Arvanitidis

In comparison to classical shallow representation learning techniques, deep neural networks have achieved superior performance in nearly every application benchmark. But despite their clear empirical advantages, it is still not well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Calvin Murdock , George Cazenavette , Simon Lucey

Foundational Models pretrained on huge amount of data learn representations that evolve across depth, forming a hierarchy of embeddings with distinct semantic content and geometric structure. Contrary to the widespread practice of using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Arnesh Batra , Arush Gumber , Aniket Khandelwal , Jashn Khemani , Anubha Gupta

Composition-the ability to generate myriad variations from finite means-is believed to underlie powerful generalization. However, compositional generalization remains a key challenge for deep learning. A widely held assumption is that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Qiyao Liang , Daoyuan Qian , Liu Ziyin , Ila Fiete

In this paper, we study the OOD generalization of neural algorithmic reasoning tasks, where the goal is to learn an algorithm (e.g., sorting, breadth-first search, and depth-first search) from input-output pairs using deep neural networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Sadegh Mahdavi , Kevin Swersky , Thomas Kipf , Milad Hashemi , Christos Thrampoulidis , Renjie Liao

In high dimensional settings, density estimation algorithms rely crucially on their inductive bias. Despite recent empirical success, the inductive bias of deep generative models is not well understood. In this paper we propose a framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Shengjia Zhao , Hongyu Ren , Arianna Yuan , Jiaming Song , Noah Goodman , Stefano Ermon

Supervised manifold learning methods learn data representations by preserving the geometric structure of data while enhancing the separation between data samples from different classes. In this work, we propose a theoretical study of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Elif Vural , Christine Guillemot

Next-token predictors often appear to develop internal representations of the latent world and its rules. The probabilistic nature of these models suggests a deep connection between the structure of the world and the geometry of probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Sasha Brenner , Thomas R. Knösche , Nico Scherf

Ensuring proper generalization is a critical challenge in applying data-driven methods for solving inverse problems in imaging, as neural networks reconstructing an image must perform well across varied datasets and acquisition geometries.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Emilien Valat , Ozan Öktem

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are the most widely adopted model in graph-structured data oriented learning and representation. Despite their extraordinary success in real-world applications, understanding their working mechanism by theory is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Huayi Tang , Yong Liu

Deep neural networks often generalize well despite heavy over-parameterization, challenging classical parameter-based analyses. We study generalization from a representation-centric perspective and analyze how the geometry of learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Junjie Yu , Zhuoli Ouyang , Haotian Deng , Chen Wei , Wenxiao Ma , Jianyu Zhang , Zihan Deng , Quanying Liu

We present a principled approach for detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) and adversarial samples in deep neural networks. Our approach consists in modeling the outputs of the various layers (deep features) with parametric probability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-27 Nilesh A. Ahuja , Ibrahima Ndiour , Trushant Kalyanpur , Omesh Tickoo