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Transformer models have revolutionized AI tasks, but their large size hinders real-world deployment on resource-constrained and latency-critical edge devices. While binarized Transformers offer a promising solution by significantly reducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yuhao Ji , Chao Fang , Shaobo Ma , Haikuo Shao , Zhongfeng Wang

We introduce a Bayesian optimization approach to guide the sputter deposition of molybdenum thin films, aiming to achieve desired residual stress and sheet resistance while minimizing susceptibility to stochastic fluctuations during…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-05-07 Ankit Shrivastava , Matias Kalaswad , Joyce O. Custer , David P. Adams , Habib N. Najm

The scalable application of quantum information science will stand on reproducible and controllable high-coherence quantum bits (qubits). Here, we revisit the design and fabrication of the superconducting flux qubit, achieving a planar…

The surface code, with a simple modification, exhibits ultra-high error correction thresholds when the noise is biased towards dephasing. Here, we identify features of the surface code responsible for these ultra-high thresholds. We provide…

Fault-tolerant quantum error correction is essential for implementing quantum algorithms of significant practical importance. In this work, we propose a highly effective use of the surface-GKP code, i.e., the surface code consisting of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-01 Kyungjoo Noh , Christopher Chamberland , Fernando G. S. L. Brandão

Attacks targeting software on embedded systems are becoming increasingly prevalent. Remote attestation is a mechanism that allows establishing trust in embedded devices. However, existing attestation schemes are either static and cannot…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-04 Ghada Dessouky , Shaza Zeitouni , Thomas Nyman , Andrew Paverd , Lucas Davi , Patrick Koeberl , N. Asokan , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Superconducting qubits provide a promising path toward building large-scale quantum computers. The simple and robust transmon qubit has been the leading platform, achieving multiple milestones. However, fault-tolerant quantum computing…

Simple floating point operations like addition or multiplication on normalized floating point values can be computed by current AMD and Intel processors in three to five cycles. This is different for denormalized numbers, which appear when…

Performance · Computer Science 2015-06-15 Markus Wittmann , Thomas Zeiser , Georg Hager , Gerhard Wellein

The surface code is one of the most promising candidates for combating errors in large scale fault-tolerant quantum computation. A fault-tolerant decoder is a vital part of the error correction process---it is the algorithm which computes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-15 Fern H. E. Watson , Hussain Anwar , Dan E. Browne

An $(n+1)$-bit Toffoli gate is mainly utilized to construct other quantum gates and operators, such as Fredkin gates, arithmetical adders, and logical comparators, where $n \geq 2$. Several researchers introduced different methods to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-03 Shanyan Chen , Ali Al-Bayaty , Xiaoyu Song , Marek Perkowski

This paper presents the Pauli-based Circuit Optimization, Analysis, and Synthesis Toolchain (PCOAST), a framework for quantum circuit optimizations based on the commutative properties of Pauli strings. Prior work has demonstrated that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-25 Jennifer Paykin , Albert T. Schmitz , Mohannad Ibrahim , Xin-Chuan Wu , A. Y. Matsuura

Coded computing has emerged as a key framework for addressing the impact of stragglers in distributed computation. While polynomial functions often admit exact recovery under existing coded computing schemes, non-polynomial functions…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Rimpi Borah , J. Harshan , V. Lalitha

A prescription to calculate the minimum number of bits needed for binary strip detector readout is presented. This permits a systematic analysis of the readout efficiency relative to this theoretical minimum number of bits. Different level…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-17 Maurice Garcia-Sciveres , Xinkang Wang

Bayesian Optimization (BO) has shown promise in tuning processor design parameters. However, standard BO does not support constraints involving categorical parameters such as types of branch predictors and division circuits. In addition,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Haoran Wu , Ce Guo , Wayne Luk , Robert Mullins

In the scaling development of quantum computers, the calibration process emerges as a critical challenge. Existing calibration methods, utilizing the same pulse waveform for two-qubit gates across the device, overlook hardware differences…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-02 Yuchen Zhu , Jinglei Cheng , Boxi Li , Yidong Zhou , Yufei Ding , Zhiding Liang

Biased-noise qubits, in which one type of error (e.g. $X$- and $Y$-type errors) is significantly suppressed relative to the other (e.g. $Z$-type errors), can significantly reduce the overhead of quantum error correction. Codes such as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Peter Shanahan , Diego Ruiz

In many important applications -- such as search engines and relational database systems -- data is stored in the form of arrays of integers. Encoding and, most importantly, decoding of these arrays consumes considerable CPU time.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Daniel Lemire , Leonid Boytsov

Tokenization is widely used in large language models because it significantly improves performance. However, tokenization imposes several disadvantages, such as performance biases, increased adversarial vulnerability, decreased…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Kevin Slagle

We propose the X$^3$Z$^3$ Floquet code, a dynamical code with improved performance under biased noise compared to other Floquet codes. The enhanced performance is attributed to a simplified decoding problem resulting from a persistent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 F. Setiawan , Campbell McLauchlan

Extensive quantum error correction is necessary in order to scale quantum hardware to the regime of practical applications. As a result, a significant amount of decoding hardware is necessary to process the colossal amount of data required…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-31 Nicolas Delfosse