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Real-world data collection for embodied agents remains costly and unsafe, calling for scalable, realistic, and simulator-ready 3D environments. However, existing scene-generation systems often rely on rule-based or task-specific pipelines,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hongchi Xia , Xuan Li , Zhaoshuo Li , Qianli Ma , Jiashu Xu , Ming-Yu Liu , Yin Cui , Tsung-Yi Lin , Wei-Chiu Ma , Shenlong Wang , Shuran Song , Fangyin Wei

Traditional supervised fine-tuning (SFT) strategies for sequence-to-sequence tasks often train models to directly generate the target output. Recent work has shown that guiding models with intermediate steps, such as keywords, outlines, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Senyu Li , Zipeng Sun , Jiayi Wang , Xue Liu , Pontus Stenetorp , Siva Reddy , David Ifeoluwa Adelani

Finetuning specialized generative evaluators has emerged as a popular paradigm to meet the increasing demand for scalable evaluation during both training and test-time. However, recent work has largely focused on applying new methodology,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Austin Xu , Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Yilun Zhou , Chien-Sheng Wu , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

Solving real-world manipulation tasks requires robots to have a repertoire of skills applicable to a wide range of circumstances. When using learning-based methods to acquire such skills, the key challenge is to obtain training data that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Kuan Fang , Toki Migimatsu , Ajay Mandlekar , Li Fei-Fei , Jeannette Bohg

Structured data is widely used in domains such as healthcare, finance, and scientific data management. Recent studies on structured data foundation models (SFMs) aim to support data analysis and mining tasks over such data, but still face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zhenghang Song , Tang Qian , Lu Chen , Yushuai Li , Zhengke Hu , Bingbing Fang , Yumeng Song , Junbo Zhao , Sheng Zhang , Tianyi Li

Collecting large amounts of real-world interaction data to train general robotic policies is often prohibitively expensive, thus motivating the use of simulation data. However, existing methods for data generation have generally focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Lirui Wang , Yiyang Ling , Zhecheng Yuan , Mohit Shridhar , Chen Bao , Yuzhe Qin , Bailin Wang , Huazhe Xu , Xiaolong Wang

Successfully solving long-horizon manipulation tasks remains a fundamental challenge. These tasks involve extended action sequences and complex object interactions, presenting a critical gap between high-level symbolic planning and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jialiang Li , Wenzheng Wu , Gaojing Zhang , Yifan Han , Wenzhao Lian

Visuomotor policies based on generative architectures such as diffusion and flow-based matching have shown strong performance but degrade under distribution shifts, demonstrating limited recovery capabilities without costly finetuning. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Yusuf Ali , Gryphon Patlin , Karthik Kothuri , Muhammad Zubair Irshad , Wuwei Liang , Zsolt Kira

Agent-based models (ABMs) stand as an essential paradigm for proposing and validating hypothetical solutions or policies aimed at addressing challenges posed by complex systems and achieving various objectives. This process demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Tong Niu , Weihao Zhang , Rong Zhao

Hallucinations are a key concern when creating applications that rely on Foundation models (FMs). Understanding where and how these subtle failures occur in an application relies on evaluation methods known as \textit{evals}. Prior work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Dilani Widanapathiranage , Scott Barnett , Stefanus Kurniawan , Wannita Takerngsaksiri

We propose a new Verbal Reinforcement Learning (VRL) framework for interpretable task-level planning in mobile robotic systems operating under execution uncertainty. The framework follows a closed-loop architecture that enables iterative…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in machine translation, but they still struggle with contextually dependent terms, such as new or domain-specific words. This leads to inconsistencies and errors that are difficult to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Meiqi Chen , Fandong Meng , Yingxue Zhang , Yan Zhang , Jie Zhou

Rapid progress in high-level task planning and code generation for open-world robot manipulation has been witnessed in Embodied AI. However, previous studies put much effort into general common sense reasoning and task planning capabilities…

The combination of LLM agents with external tools enables models to solve complex tasks beyond their knowledge base. Human-designed tools are inflexible and restricted to solutions within the scope of pre-existing tools created by experts.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mohd Ariful Haque , Justin Williams , Sunzida Siddique , Md. Hujaifa Islam , Hasmot Ali , Kishor Datta Gupta , Roy George

Formative feedback is central to effective learning, yet providing timely, individualised feedback at scale remains a persistent challenge. While recent work has explored the use of large language models (LLMs) to automate feedback, most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Fares Fawzi , Seyed Parsa Neshaei , Marta Knezevic , Tanya Nazaretsky , Tanja Käser

Recent advances in automated test generation utilises language models to produce unit tests. While effective, language models tend to generate many incorrect tests with respect to both syntax and semantics. Although such incorrect tests can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Michael Konstantinou , Renzo Degiovanni , Jie M. Zhang , Mark Harman , Mike Papadakis

Character animation in real-world scenarios necessitates a variety of constraints, such as trajectories, key-frames, interactions, etc. Existing methodologies typically treat single or a finite set of these constraint(s) as separate control…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Hanchao Liu , Xiaohang Zhan , Shaoli Huang , Tai-Jiang Mu , Ying Shan

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has enabled the construction of multi-agent systems to solve complex tasks by dividing responsibilities among specialized agents, such as a planning agent for subgoal generation and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Minghang Zhu , Zhengliang Shi , Zhiwei Xu , Shiguang Wu , Lingjie Wang , Pengjie Ren , Zhaochun Ren , Zhumin Chen

Ensuring correctness is crucial for code generation. Formal verification offers a definitive assurance of correctness, but demands substantial human effort in proof construction and hence raises a pressing need for automation. The primary…

Multi-step robot manipulation requires acting under uncertainty about how the scene will evolve, making exploration and policy adaptation challenging. We study whether short-horizon, task-consistent future videos can provide useful…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Mohammad Khoshnazar , Andrew Melnik , Michael Beetz