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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models enable robots to interpret natural-language instructions and perform diverse tasks, yet their integration of perception, language, and control introduces new safety vulnerabilities. Despite growing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiayu Li , Yunhan Zhao , Xiang Zheng , Zonghuan Xu , Yige Li , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Vision-language-action (VLA) models are emerging as embodied foundation models for robotic manipulation, but their deployment introduces a new unlearning challenge: removing unsafe, spurious, or privacy-sensitive behaviors without degrading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ravi Ranjan , Agoritsa Polyzou

Autoregressive vision-language-action (VLA) models have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in robotic manipulation. However, their core process of action tokenization often involves a trade-off between reconstruction fidelity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yicheng Liu , Shiduo Zhang , Zibin Dong , Baijun Ye , Tianyuan Yuan , Xiaopeng Yu , Linqi Yin , Chenhao Lu , Junhao Shi , Luca Jiang-Tao Yu , Liangtao Zheng , Tao Jiang , Jingjing Gong , Xipeng Qiu , Hang Zhao

Autonomous driving (AD) systems struggle in long-tail scenarios due to limited world knowledge and weak visual dynamic modeling. Existing vision-language-action (VLA)-based methods cannot leverage unlabeled videos for visual causal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Hao Lu , Ziyang Liu , Guangfeng Jiang , Yuanfei Luo , Sheng Chen , Yangang Zhang , Ying-Cong Chen

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are a promising path toward embodied intelligence, yet they often overlook the predictive and temporal-causal structure underlying visual dynamics. World-model VLAs address this by predicting future…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Fuxiang Yang , Donglin Di , Lulu Tang , Xuancheng Zhang , Lei Fan , Hao Li , Chen Wei , Tonghua Su , Baorui Ma

Lifelong learning is critical for embodied agents in open-world environments, where reinforcement learning fine-tuning has emerged as an important paradigm to enable Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models to master dexterous manipulation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Qixin Zeng , Shuo Zhang , Hongyin Zhang , Renjie Wang , Han Zhao , Libang Zhao , Runze Li , Donglin Wang , Chao Huang

Driving Vision-Language-Action Models (Driving VLAs) commonly introduce natural-language reasoning as an intermediate interface for end-to-end planning, but reasoning-centric interfaces face three practical bottlenecks: obtaining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Weicheng Zheng , Yixin Huang , Qiao Sun , Derun Li , Hang zhao

Recent advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have opened new avenues for robot manipulation, yet existing methods exhibit limited efficiency and a lack of high-level knowledge and spatial awareness. To address these challenges, we…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a promising approach to address the data scarcity challenge in robotics, enabling the development of generalizable visuomotor control policies. While models like OpenVLA showcase the potential…

A generalist robotic policy needs both semantic understanding for task planning and the ability to interact with the environment through predictive capabilities. To tackle this, we present MM-ACT, a unified Vision-Language-Action (VLA)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Haotian Liang , Xinyi Chen , Bin Wang , Mingkang Chen , Yitian Liu , Yuhao Zhang , Zanxin Chen , Tianshuo Yang , Yilun Chen , Jiangmiao Pang , Dong Liu , Xiaokang Yang , Yao Mu , Wenqi Shao , Ping Luo

Current research on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models predominantly focuses on enhancing generalization through established reasoning techniques. While effective, these improvements invariably increase computational complexity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Riccardo Andrea Izzo , Gianluca Bardaro , Matteo Matteucci

To build a generalizable Vision-Language-Action (VLA) model with strong reasoning ability, a common strategy is to first train a specialist VLA on robot demonstrations to acquire reliable manipulation skills, and then incorporate mixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhen Fang , Zhuoyang Liu , Jiaming Liu , Hao Chen , Yu Zeng , Shiting Huang , Zehui Chen , Lin Chen , Shanghang Zhang , Feng Zhao

VILA-U is a Unified foundation model that integrates Video, Image, Language understanding and generation. Traditional visual language models (VLMs) use separate modules for understanding and generating visual content, which can lead to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yecheng Wu , Zhuoyang Zhang , Junyu Chen , Haotian Tang , Dacheng Li , Yunhao Fang , Ligeng Zhu , Enze Xie , Hongxu Yin , Li Yi , Song Han , Yao Lu

Vision-language-action (VLA) models provide a promising paradigm for scalable robotic manipulation, yet their reliance on success-only behavioral cloning leaves them brittle; lacking corrective training signals, minor execution errors…

Vision-Language-Action Models (VLAs) have shown remarkable progress towards embodied intelligence. While their architecture partially resembles that of Large Language Models (LLMs), VLAs exhibit higher complexity due to their multi-modal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Hugo Buurmeijer , Carmen Amo Alonso , Aiden Swann , Marco Pavone

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently become highly prominent in the field of robotics. Leveraging vision-language foundation models trained on large-scale internet data, the VLA model can generate robotic actions directly from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Wei Zhao , Gongsheng Li , Zhefei Gong , Pengxiang Ding , Han Zhao , Donglin Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown strong potential for general-purpose robot manipulation by unifying perception and action. However, existing VLA systems primarily rely on textual instructions and struggle to resolve spatial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Wenxuan Guo , Ziyuan Li , Meng Zhang , Yichen Liu , Yimeng Dong , Chuxi Xu , Yunfei Wei , Ze Chen , Erjin Zhou , Jianjiang Feng

Flow-based vision-language-action (VLA) policies offer strong expressivity for action generation, but suffer from a fundamental inefficiency: multi-step inference is required to recover action structure from uninformative Gaussian noise,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Fan Du , Feng Yan , Jianxiong Wu , Xinrun Xu , Weiye Zhang , Weinong Wang , Yu Guo , Bin Qian , Zhihai He , Fei Wang , Heng Yang

The Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated remarkable performance on embodied tasks and shown promising potential for real-world applications. However, current VLAs still struggle to produce consistent and precise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ziwen Li , Xin Wang , Hanlue Zhang , Runnan Chen , Runqi Lin , Xiao He , Han Huang , Yandong Guo , Fakhri Karray , Tongliang Liu , Mingming Gong

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as promising candidates for end-to-end autonomous driving. However, these models typically face challenges in inference latency, action precision, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jiaru Zhang , Manav Gagvani , Can Cui , Juntong Peng , Ruqi Zhang , Ziran Wang
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