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In a wide variety of applications, humans interact with a complex environment by means of asynchronous stochastic discrete events in continuous time. Can we design online interventions that will help humans achieve certain goals in such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Utkarsh Upadhyay , Abir De , Manuel Gomez-Rodriguez

Smart assistants increasingly act proactively, yet mistimed or intrusive behavior often causes users to lose trust and disable these features. Learning user preferences for proactive assistance is difficult because real-world studies are…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Ziyi Xuan , Yiwen Wu , Zhaoyang Yan , Vinod Namboodiri , Yu Yang

One way to personalize and steer generations from large language models (LLM) is to assign a persona: a role that describes how the user expects the LLM to behave (e.g., a helpful assistant, a teacher, a woman). This paper investigates how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Pedro Henrique Luz de Araujo , Benjamin Roth

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly advanced and demonstrated impressive capabilities. In-Context Learning (ICL) and Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) are currently two mainstream methods for augmenting LLMs to downstream tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Luohe Shi , Yao Yao , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang , Hai Zhao

This survey explores the burgeoning field of role-playing with language models, focusing on their development from early persona-based models to advanced character-driven simulations facilitated by Large Language Models (LLMs). Initially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Nuo Chen , Yan Wang , Yang Deng , Jia Li

As a modern commodity, language has become a vast repository of socially and psychologically significant traits and concepts, reflecting the ways people encode pattern of thoughts, behaviors, and emotions into words. Text-based Automatic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sina Heydari , Majid Ramezani

Human conversation relies heavily on conversational implicature, in which speakers convey meanings that are suggested rather than explicitly stated. Although recent large language models exhibit strong conversational fluency, they remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Hirona Jacqueline Arai , Xiang Ren

The capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to follow complex instructions and generate factually accurate text is critical for their real-world application. However, standard decoding methods often fail to robustly satisfy these…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate human decision-making, but their intrinsic biases often diverge from real human behavior--limiting their ability to reflect population-level diversity. We address this challenge…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Ayato Kitadai , Yusuke Fukasawa , Nariaki Nishino

While finetuning language models from pairwise preferences has proven remarkably effective, the underspecified nature of natural language presents critical challenges. Direct preference feedback is uninterpretable, difficult to provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Silviu Pitis , Ziang Xiao , Nicolas Le Roux , Alessandro Sordoni

Conversational systems must be robust to user interactions that naturally exhibit diverse conversational traits. Capturing and simulating these diverse traits coherently and efficiently presents a complex challenge. This paper introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Rafael Ferreira , David Semedo , João Magalhães

This report investigates approaches for prompting a tool-augmented large language model (LLM) to act as a role-playing dialogue agent in the API track of the Commonsense Persona-grounded Dialogue Challenge (CPDC) 2025. In this setting,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Saksorn Ruangtanusak , Pittawat Taveekitworachai , Kunat Pipatanakul

Large language models for subjectivity analysis are typically trained with aggregated labels, which compress variations in human judgment into a single supervision signal. This paradigm overlooks the intrinsic uncertainty of low-agreement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Junyu Lu , Deyi Ji , Xuanyi Liu , Lanyun Zhu , Bo Xu , Liang Yang , Xian-Sheng Hua , Hongfei Lin

Personalized review response generation presents a significant challenge in domains where user information is limited, such as food delivery platforms. While large language models (LLMs) offer powerful text generation capabilities, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Moonsoo Park , Jeongseok Yun , Bohyung Kim

Traditional models of opinion dynamics provide a simple approach to understanding human behavior in basic social scenarios. However, when it comes to issues such as polarization and extremism, we require a more nuanced understanding of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-03-08 Andre C. R. Martins

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) policies, although optimal in terms of task rewards, may not align with the personal preferences of human users. To ensure this alignment, a naive solution would be to retrain the agent using a reward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ajsal Shereef Palattuparambil , Thommen George Karimpanal , Santu Rana

We study how persona prompting shapes language generated by multimodal large language models in an urban perception setting. Using 59,808 annotations from 1,200 persona-conditioned agents and two no-persona settings, we analyze captions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Neemias da Silva , Myriam Delgado , Rodrigo Minetto , Daniel Silver , Thiago H Silva

Traditionally, offline datasets have been used to evaluate task-oriented dialogue (TOD) models. These datasets lack context awareness, making them suboptimal benchmarks for conversational systems. In contrast, user-agents, which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Taaha Kazi , Ruiliang Lyu , Sizhe Zhou , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Gokhan Tur

An important feature of pervasive, intelligent assistance systems is the ability to dynamically adapt to the current needs of their users. Hence, it is critical for such systems to be able to recognize those goals and needs based on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Nils Wilken , Lea Cohausz , Johannes Schaum , Stefan Lüdtke , Heiner Stuckenschmidt

This study investigates the impact of dynamic user profile embedding on personalized context-aware experiences in social networks. A comparative analysis of multilingual and English transformer models was performed on a dataset of over…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Pranav Vachharajani