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Post-training quantization is essential for deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on resource-constrained devices. However, standard integer quantization (e.g., INT4) fundamentally degrades performance by imposing a uniform grid on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Vladimer Khasia

In this paper the efficiency of multilevel sparse tensor approximation methods for high-dimensional affine parametric diffusion equations is investigated. Methodologically, the recently presented Sparse Alternating Least Squares (SALS)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Martin Eigel , Philipp Trunschke , Dana Wrischnig

Gaussian processes (GPs) stand as crucial tools in machine learning and signal processing, with their effectiveness hinging on kernel design and hyper-parameter optimization. This paper presents a novel GP linear multiple kernel (LMK) and a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Richard Cornelius Suwandi , Zhidi Lin , Feng Yin , Zhiguo Wang , Sergios Theodoridis

Despite the impressive performance of LLMs, their widespread adoption faces challenges due to substantial computational and memory requirements during inference. Recent advancements in model compression and system-level optimization methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Arnav Chavan , Raghav Magazine , Shubham Kushwaha , Mérouane Debbah , Deepak Gupta

High-dimensional token embeddings underpin Large Language Models (LLMs), as they can capture subtle semantic information and significantly enhance the modelling of complex language patterns. However, this high dimensionality also introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Mingxue Xu , Yao Lei Xu , Danilo P. Mandic

Pre-training large language models (LLMs) increasingly requires distributed compute, yet bandwidth constraints make it difficult to scale beyond well-provisioned datacenters-especially when model parallelism forces frequent, large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yazan Obeidi , Amir Sarfi , Joel Lidin , Paul Janson , Eugene Belilovsky

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) exhibit exceptional general language processing capabilities but come with significant demands on memory and computational resources. As a powerful compression technology, binarization can extremely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Wei Huang , Yangdong Liu , Haotong Qin , Ying Li , Shiming Zhang , Xianglong Liu , Michele Magno , Xiaojuan Qi

As enjoying the closed form solution, least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) has been widely used for classification and regression problems having the comparable performance with other types of SVMs. However, LSSVM has two drawbacks:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-08 Li Chen , Shuisheng Zhou

Parameter quantization for Large Language Models (LLMs) has attracted increasing attentions recently in reducing memory costs and improving computational efficiency. Early approaches have been widely adopted. However, the existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Haoyu Wang , Bei Liu , Hang Shao , Bo Xiao , Ke Zeng , Guanglu Wan , Yanmin Qian

Over-parameterization is ubiquitous nowadays in training neural networks to benefit both optimization in seeking global optima and generalization in reducing prediction error. However, compressive networks are desired in many real world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Yanwei Fu , Chen Liu , Donghao Li , Xinwei Sun , Jinshan Zeng , Yuan Yao

Sparsity-based tensor recovery methods have shown great potential in suppressing seismic data noise. These methods exploit tensor sparsity measures capturing the low-dimensional structures inherent in seismic data tensors to remove noise by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Sirui Pan , Zhiyuan Zha , Shigang Wang , Yue Li , Zipei Fan , Gang Yan , Binh T. Nguyen , Bihan Wen , Ce Zhu

Extensive efforts have been made to boost the performance in the domain of language models by introducing various attention-based transformers. However, the inclusion of linear layers with large dimensions contributes to significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Priyansh Bhatnagar , Linfeng Wen , Mingu Kang

In this paper, we tackle the critical challenge of compressing large language models (LLMs) to facilitate their practical deployment and broader adoption. We introduce a novel post-training compression paradigm that focuses on low-rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Jun Lu , Tianyi Xu , Bill Ding , David Li , Yu Kang

Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) seeks the minima with a flat loss landscape to improve the generalization performance in machine learning tasks, including fine-tuning. However, its extra parameter perturbation step doubles the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yifei Cheng , Xianglin Yang , Guoxia Wang , Chao Huang , Fei Ma , Dianhai Yu , Xiaochun Cao , Li Shen

Large neural networks achieve state-of-the-art performance on many tasks, yet their sheer size hinders deployment on resource-constrained devices. Among existing compression approaches, cross-layer parameter sharing remains relatively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Cem Üyük , Mike Lasby , Mohamed Yassin , Utku Evci , Yani Ioannou

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) requires significant memory, often exceeding the capacity of a single GPU. A common solution to this memory challenge is offloading compute and data from the GPU to the CPU. However, this approach is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Siyuan Chen , Zhuofeng Wang , Zelong Guan , Yudong Liu , Phillip B. Gibbons

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training for Large Language Models (LLMs) is now scaling to large clusters and running for extended durations to enhance model reasoning performance. However, the scalability of existing RL frameworks is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Guangming Sheng , Yuxuan Tong , Borui Wan , Wang Zhang , Chaobo Jia , Xibin Wu , Yuqi Wu , Xiang Li , Chi Zhang , Yanghua Peng , Haibin Lin , Xin Liu , Chuan Wu

3D Language Gaussian Splatting (3DLGS) augments 3D Gaussian Splatting with language-aligned visual features for open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding. A core challenge is efficiently associating high-dimensional vision-language embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Lovre Antonio Budimir , Yushi Guan , Steve Ryhner , Sven Lončarić , Nandita Vijaykumar

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models are increasingly large and complex to achieve the best possible accuracy. In this paper, we build an AutoML system that uses reinforcement learning (RL) to optimize the per-layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Łukasz Dudziak , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah , Ravichander Vipperla , Stefanos Laskaridis , Nicholas D. Lane

Large language models (LLMs) are both storage-intensive and computation-intensive, posing significant challenges when deployed on resource-constrained hardware. As linear layers in LLMs are mainly resource consuming parts, this paper…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Sixiao Huang , Tintin Wang , Ang Li , Ao Shen , Kai Li , Keyao Jiang , Mingqiang Huang , Hao Yu