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Humans can look at a static scene and instantly predict what happens next -- will moving this object cause a collision? We call this ability Causal Spatial Reasoning. However, current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) cannot do this,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Wenxin Ma , Chenlong Wang , Ruisheng Yuan , Hao Chen , Nanru Dai , S. Kevin Zhou , Yijun Yang , Alan Yuille , Jieneng Chen

Embodied tasks require the agent to fully understand 3D scenes simultaneously with its exploration, so an online, real-time, fine-grained and highly-generalized 3D perception model is desperately needed. Since high-quality 3D data is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Xiuwei Xu , Huangxing Chen , Linqing Zhao , Ziwei Wang , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Training-free Camouflaged Object Segmentation (COS) seeks to segment camouflaged objects without task-specific training, by automatically generating visual prompts to guide the Segment Anything Model (SAM). However, existing pipelines…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Chao Yin , Jide Li , Hang Yao , Xiaoqiang Li

Segment matching is an important intermediate task in computer vision that establishes correspondences between semantically or geometrically coherent regions across images. Unlike keypoint matching, which focuses on localized features,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Rohit Jayanti , Swayam Agrawal , Vansh Garg , Siddharth Tourani , Muhammad Haris Khan , Sourav Garg , Madhava Krishna

We introduce a new task, Referring and Reasoning for Selective Masks (R2SM), which extends text-guided segmentation by incorporating mask-type selection driven by user intent. This task challenges vision-language models to determine whether…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yu-Lin Shih , Wei-En Tai , Cheng Sun , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang , Hwann-Tzong Chen

The evolution of 3D visual content calls for innovative methods for modelling shapes based on their intended usage, function and role in a complex scenario. Even if different attempts have been done in this direction, shape modelling still…

Graphics · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Andreas Scalas

Scalable 6D pose estimation for rigid objects from RGB images aims at handling multiple objects and generalizing to novel objects. Building on a well-known auto-encoding framework to cope with object symmetry and the lack of labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Yilin Wen , Xiangyu Li , Hao Pan , Lei Yang , Zheng Wang , Taku Komura , Wenping Wang

In-context segmentation has drawn increasing attention with the advent of vision foundation models. Its goal is to segment objects using given reference images. Most existing approaches adopt metric learning or masked image modeling to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Chaoyang Wang , Xiangtai Li , Henghui Ding , Lu Qi , Jiangning Zhang , Yunhai Tong , Chen Change Loy , Shuicheng Yan

Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation (OVSS) extends traditional closed-set segmentation by enabling pixel-wise annotation for both seen and unseen categories using arbitrary textual descriptions. While existing methods leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Junyang Chen , Xiangbo Lv , Zhiqiang Kou , Xingdong Sheng , Ning Xu , Yiguo Qiao

Spatial reasoning in large-scale 3D environments such as warehouses remains a significant challenge for vision-language systems due to scene clutter, occlusions, and the need for precise spatial understanding. Existing models often struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Tanner Muturi , Blessing Agyei Kyem , Joshua Kofi Asamoah , Neema Jakisa Owor , Richard Dyzinela , Andrews Danyo , Yaw Adu-Gyamfi , Armstrong Aboah

The lifting of 3D structure and camera from 2D landmarks is at the cornerstone of the entire discipline of computer vision. Traditional methods have been confined to specific rigid objects, such as those in Perspective-n-Point (PnP)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Mosam Dabhi , Laszlo A. Jeni , Simon Lucey

Progress in 3D object understanding has relied on manually canonicalized shape datasets that contain instances with consistent position and orientation (3D pose). This has made it hard to generalize these methods to in-the-wild shapes, eg.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Rahul Sajnani , Adrien Poulenard , Jivitesh Jain , Radhika Dua , Leonidas J. Guibas , Srinath Sridhar

Amodal panoptic segmentation aims to connect the perception of the world to its cognitive understanding. It entails simultaneously predicting the semantic labels of visible scene regions and the entire shape of traffic participant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Rohit Mohan , Abhinav Valada

Despite recent advances in multimodal content generation enabled by vision-language models (VLMs), their ability to reason about and generate structured 3D scenes remains largely underexplored. This limitation constrains their utility in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Xinhang Liu , Yu-Wing Tai , Chi-Keung Tang

Detailed 3D building models are crucial for urban planning, digital twins, and disaster management applications. While Level of Detail 1 (LoD)1 and LoD2 building models are widely available, they lack detailed facade elements essential for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Franz Hanke , Antonia Bieringer , Olaf Wysocki , Boris Jutzi

Open-world referring segmentation requires grounding unconstrained language expressions to precise pixel-level regions. Existing multimodal large language models (MLLMs) exhibit strong open-world visual grounding, but their outputs remain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuan Yao , Qiushi Yang , Humen Zhong , Jiangning Wei , Yifang Men , Shuai Bai , Miaomiao Cui , Zhibo Yang

We develop an approach for active semantic perception which refers to using the semantics of the scene for tasks such as exploration. We build a compact, hierarchical multi-layer scene graph that can represent large, complex indoor…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Huayi Tang , Pratik Chaudhari

3D Visual Grounding (3DVG) focuses on locating objects in 3D scenes based on natural language descriptions, serving as a fundamental task for embodied AI and robotics. Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Beining Xu , Siting Zhu , Zhao Jin , Junxian Li , Hesheng Wang

Promptable Foundation Models (FMs), initially introduced for natural image segmentation, have also revolutionized medical image segmentation. The increasing number of models, along with evaluations varying in datasets, metrics, and compared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Caroline Magg , Maaike A. ter Wee , Johannes G. G. Dobbe , Geert J. Streekstra , Leendert Blankevoort , Clara I. Sánchez , Hoel Kervadec

Visual semantic correspondence is an important topic in computer vision and could help machine understand objects in our daily life. However, most previous methods directly train on correspondences in 2D images, which is end-to-end but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Yang You , Chengkun Li , Yujing Lou , Zhoujun Cheng , Lizhuang Ma , Cewu Lu , Weiming Wang