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We present relay policy learning, a method for imitation and reinforcement learning that can solve multi-stage, long-horizon robotic tasks. This general and universally-applicable, two-phase approach consists of an imitation learning stage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Abhishek Gupta , Vikash Kumar , Corey Lynch , Sergey Levine , Karol Hausman

Despite recent remarkable achievements in quadruped control, it remains challenging to ensure robust and compliant locomotion in the presence of unforeseen external disturbances. Existing methods prioritize locomotion robustness over…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Xiang Zhou , Xinyu Zhang , Qingrui Zhang

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (RL) can accelerate long-horizon decision-making by temporally abstracting a policy into multiple levels. Promising results in sparse reward environments have been seen with skills, i.e. sequences of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Ce Hao , Catherine Weaver , Chen Tang , Kenta Kawamoto , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan

Reinforcement learning is an active research area with a vast number of applications in robotics, and the RoboCup competition is an interesting environment for studying and evaluating reinforcement learning methods. A known difficulty in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Felipe B. Martins , Mateus G. Machado , Hansenclever F. Bassani , Pedro H. M. Braga , Edna S. Barros

Large Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, leveraging powerful pre trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) backends, have shown promise in robotic control due to their impressive generalization ability. However, the success comes at a cost.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Jianke Zhang , Yanjiang Guo , Xiaoyu Chen , Yen-Jen Wang , Yucheng Hu , Chengming Shi , Jianyu Chen

We propose a novel hierarchical reinforcement learning framework for quadruped locomotion over challenging terrain. Our approach incorporates a two-layer hierarchy in which a high-level policy (HLP) selects optimal goals for a low-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Jeremiah Coholich , Muhammad Ali Murtaza , Seth Hutchinson , Zsolt Kira

Robotic in-hand manipulation has been a long-standing challenge due to the complexity of modelling hand and object in contact and of coordinating finger motion for complex manipulation sequences. To address these challenges, the majority of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Tingguang Li , Krishnan Srinivasan , Max Qing-Hu Meng , Wenzhen Yuan , Jeannette Bohg

Hierarchical Imitation Learning (HIL) has been proposed to recover highly-complex behaviors in long-horizon tasks from expert demonstrations by modeling the task hierarchy with the option framework. Existing methods either overlook the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Jiayu Chen , Tian Lan , Vaneet Aggarwal

Robots are essential in industrial manufacturing due to their reliability and efficiency. They excel in performing simple and repetitive unimanual tasks but still face challenges with bimanual manipulation. This difficulty arises from the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hang Xu , Yizhou Chen , Dongjie Yu , Yi Ren , Jia PanI

Recent advancements in reinforcement learning have made significant impacts across various domains, yet they often struggle in complex multi-agent environments due to issues like algorithm instability, low sampling efficiency, and the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Cheng Xu , Changtian Zhang , Yuchen Shi , Ran Wang , Shihong Duan , Yadong Wan , Xiaotong Zhang

Despite the significant success at enabling robots with autonomous behaviors makes deep reinforcement learning a promising approach for robotic object search task, the deep reinforcement learning approach severely suffers from the nature…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Xin Ye , Yezhou Yang

Humanoid robots, capable of assuming human roles in various workplaces, have become essential to embodied intelligence. However, as robots with complex physical structures, learning a control model that can operate robustly across diverse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Sixu Lin , Guanren Qiao , Yunxin Tai , Ang Li , Kui Jia , Guiliang Liu

We propose a hierarchical reinforcement learning method, HIDIO, that can learn task-agnostic options in a self-supervised manner while jointly learning to utilize them to solve sparse-reward tasks. Unlike current hierarchical RL approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Jesse Zhang , Haonan Yu , Wei Xu

Deep Learning has become exceptionally popular in the last few years due to its success in computer vision and other fields of AI. However, deep neural networks are computationally expensive, which limits their application in low power…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Marton Szemenyei , Vladimir Estivill-Castro

Complex high-dimensional spaces with high Degree-of-Freedom and complicated action spaces, such as humanoid robots equipped with dexterous hands, pose significant challenges for reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, which need to wisely…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Zifeng Zhuang , Diyuan Shi , Runze Suo , Xiao He , Hongyin Zhang , Ting Wang , Shangke Lyu , Donglin Wang

Achieving safe and coordinated behavior in dynamic, constraint-rich environments remains a major challenge for learning-based control. Pure end-to-end learning often suffers from poor sample efficiency and limited reliability, while…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-10 Max Studt , Georg Schildbach

Applying Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to Human-Robot Cooperation (HRC) in dynamic control problems is promising yet challenging as the robot needs to learn the dynamics of the controlled system and dynamics of the human partner. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Lingfeng Tao , Michael Bowman , Jiucai Zhang , Xiaoli Zhang

Humanoid robots offer significant versatility for performing a wide range of tasks, yet their basic ability to walk and run, especially at high velocities, remains a challenge. This letter presents a novel method that combines deep…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Xinming Zhang , Xianghui Wang , Lerong Zhang , Guodong Guo , Xiaoyu Shen , Wei Zhang

Humanoid soccer dribbling is a highly challenging task that demands dexterous ball manipulation while maintaining dynamic balance. Traditional rule-based methods often struggle to achieve accurate ball control due to their reliance on fixed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhuoheng Wang , Jinyin Zhou , Qi Wu

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has become a popular approach in traffic signal control (TSC) due to its ability to learn adaptive policies from complex traffic environments. Within DRL-based TSC methods, two primary control paradigms are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Hankang Gu , Yuli Zhang , Chengming Wang , Ruiyuan Jiang , Ziheng Qiao , Pengfei Fan , Dongyao Jia