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The rapid adoption of micromobility solutions, particularly two-wheeled vehicles like e-scooters and e-bikes, has created an urgent need for reliable autonomous riding (AR) technologies. While autonomous driving (AD) systems have matured…

Responsible AI (RAI) has emerged as a major focus across industry, policymaking, and academia, aiming to mitigate the risks and maximize the benefits of AI, both on an organizational and societal level. This study explores the global state…

Autonomous driving systems are highly dependent on sensors like cameras, LiDAR, and inertial measurement units (IMU) to perceive the environment and estimate their motion. Among these sensors, perception-based sensors are not protected from…

Understanding occupant-vehicle interactions by modeling control transitions is important to ensure safe approaches to passenger vehicle automation. Models which contain contextual, semantically meaningful representations of driver states…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Akshay Rangesh , Nachiket Deo , Ross Greer , Pujitha Gunaratne , Mohan M. Trivedi

General world models represent a crucial pathway toward achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), serving as the cornerstone for various applications ranging from virtual environments to decision-making systems. Recently, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Zheng Zhu , Xiaofeng Wang , Wangbo Zhao , Chen Min , Bohan Li , Nianchen Deng , Min Dou , Yuqi Wang , Botian Shi , Kai Wang , Chi Zhang , Yang You , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Dawei Zhao , Liang Xiao , Jian Zhao , Jiwen Lu , Guan Huang

Advances in perception for self-driving cars have accelerated in recent years due to the availability of large-scale datasets, typically collected at specific locations and under nice weather conditions. Yet, to achieve the high safety…

The recent development of artificial intelligence (AI) has increased the interest of researchers and practitioners towards applying its techniques into multiple domains like automotive, health care and air space to achieve automation.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Rafia Inam , Alberto Yukinobu Hata , Vlasjov Prifti , Sara Abbaspour Asadollah

Autonomous systems are becoming increasingly prevalent in new vehicles. Due to their environmental friendliness and their remarkable capability to significantly enhance road safety, these vehicles have gained widespread recognition and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Reem Alhabib , Poonam Yadav

Retinal imaging has emerged as a powerful, non-invasive modality for detecting and quantifying biomarkers of systemic diseases-ranging from diabetes and hypertension to Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular disorders but current insights…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-28 Tariq M Khan , Toufique Ahmed Soomro , Imran Razzak

The development of Autonomous Driving (AD) systems in simulated environments like CARLA is crucial for advancing real-world automotive technologies. To drive innovation, CARLA introduced Leaderboard 2.0, significantly more challenging than…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Daniel Coelho , Miguel Oliveira , Vitor Santos , Antonio M. Lopez

Autonomous vehicle (AV) systems rely on robust perception models as a cornerstone of safety assurance. However, objects encountered on the road exhibit a long-tailed distribution, with rare or unseen categories posing challenges to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Mingfu Liang , Jong-Chyi Su , Samuel Schulter , Sparsh Garg , Shiyu Zhao , Ying Wu , Manmohan Chandraker

Self-driving cars hold significant potential to reduce traffic accidents, alleviate congestion, and enhance urban mobility. However, developing reliable AI systems for autonomous vehicles remains a substantial challenge. Over the past…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Kiarash Ghasemzadeh , Sedigheh Dehghani

There has been recent and growing interest in the development and deployment of autonomous vehicles, encouraged by the empirical successes of powerful artificial intelligence techniques (AI), especially in the applications of deep learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Shahin Atakishiyev , Mohammad Salameh , Hengshuai Yao , Randy Goebel

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have significantly advanced in real-world deployment in recent years, yet safety continues to be a critical barrier to widespread adoption. Traditional functional safety approaches, which primarily verify the…

The recent proliferation of computing technologies (e.g., sensors, computer vision, machine learning, and hardware acceleration), and the broad deployment of communication mechanisms (e.g., DSRC, C-V2X, 5G) have pushed the horizon of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Liangkai Liu , Sidi Lu , Ren Zhong , Baofu Wu , Yongtao Yao , Qingyang Zhang , Weisong Shi

A significant part of contemporary research in autonomous vehicles is dedicated to the development of safety critical systems where state-of-the-art artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, like computer vision (CV), can play a major role.…

Age of Information (AoI) has recently received much attention due to its relevance in IoT sensing and monitoring applications. In this paper, we consider the problem of minimizing the AoI in a system in which a set of sources are observed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Anders E. Kalør , Petar Popovski

Behind the scenes of maintaining the safety of technology products from harmful and illegal digital content lies unrecognized human labor. The recent rise in the use of generative AI technologies and the accelerating demands to meet…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Alice Qian Zhang , Judith Amores , Mary L. Gray , Mary Czerwinski , Jina Suh

Emotion and a broader range of affective driver states can be a life decisive factor on the road. While this aspect has been investigated repeatedly, the advent of autonomous automobiles puts a new perspective on the role of computer-based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Björn W. Schuller , Dagmar M. Schuller

Avatars, as promising digital assistants in Vehicular Metaverses, can enable drivers and passengers to immerse in 3D virtual spaces, serving as a practical emerging example of Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) in intelligent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Junlong Chen , Jiawen Kang , Minrui Xu , Zehui Xiong , Dusit Niyato , Chuan Chen , Abbas Jamalipour , Shengli Xie