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Mixture-of-experts (MoE) is gaining increasing attention due to its unique properties and remarkable performance, especially for language tasks. By sparsely activating a subset of parameters for each token, MoE architecture could increase…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Ka Man Lo , Zeyu Huang , Zihan Qiu , Zili Wang , Jie Fu

Most recent state-of-the-art (SOTA) large language models (LLMs) use Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures to scale model capacity without proportional per-token compute, enabling higher-quality outputs at manageable serving costs.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are key technologies driving intelligent systems to handle multiple tasks. To meet the demands of various tasks, an increasing number of LLMs-driven experts with diverse capabilities have been developed,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Yuanshuai Wang , Xingjian Zhang , Jinkun Zhao , Siwei Wen , Peilin Feng , Shuhao Liao , Lei Huang , Wenjun Wu

Federated fine-tuning offers a promising solution for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to downstream tasks while safeguarding data privacy. However, its high computational and communication demands hinder its deployment on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yebo Wu , Jingguang Li , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method for Large Language Models (LLMs), but it still incurs notable overhead and suffers from parameter interference in complex datasets. While recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Chunlin Tian , Xuyang Wei , Huanrong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) offers an efficient way to fine-tune large language models (LLMs). Its modular and plug-and-play nature allows the integration of various domain-specific LoRAs, enhancing LLM capabilities. Open-source platforms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Ziyu Zhao , Leilei Gan , Guoyin Wang , Yuwei Hu , Tao Shen , Hongxia Yang , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu

Model merging, which combines multiple domain-specialized experts into a single model, offers a practical path to endow Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with broad capabilities without the cost of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Dengming Zhang , Xiaowen Ma , Zhenliang Ni , Zhenkai Wu , Han Shu , Xin Jiang , Xinghao Chen

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models scale large language models efficiently by sparsely activating experts, but once an expert is selected, it is executed fully. Hence, the trade-off between accuracy and computation in an MoE model typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Nurbek Tastan , Stefanos Laskaridis , Karthik Nandakumar , Samuel Horvath

Recent advances in deep learning and large language models (LLMs) have facilitated the deployment of the mixture-of-experts (MoE) mechanism in the stock investment domain. While these models have demonstrated promising trading performance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Kuan-Ming Liu , Ming-Chih Lo

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures enable efficient scaling of large language models by activating only a subset of parameters per input. However, existing MoE models suffer from two critical limitations: (1) inefficient token-to-expert…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Jing Li , Zhijie Sun , Dachao Lin , Xuan He , Binfan Zheng , Yi Lin , Rongqian Zhao , Xin Chen

Continual multimodal instruction tuning is crucial for adapting Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to evolving tasks. However, most existing methods adopt a fixed architecture, struggling with adapting to new tasks due to static model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Chendi Ge , Xin Wang , Zeyang Zhang , Hong Chen , Jiapei Fan , Longtao Huang , Hui Xue , Wenwu Zhu

In this work, we propose a method that combines two popular research areas by injecting linguistic structures into pre-trained language models in the parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) setting. In our approach, parallel adapter modules…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Raymond Li , Gabriel Murray , Giuseppe Carenini

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often English-centric due to the disproportionate distribution of languages in their pre-training data. Enhancing non-English language capabilities through post-pretraining often results in catastrophic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Hao Zhou , Zhijun Wang , Shujian Huang , Xin Huang , Xue Han , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Weihua Luo , Jiajun Chen

Mixture of Experts (MoE) architectures have emerged as pivotal for scaling Large Language Models (LLMs) efficiently. Fine-grained MoE approaches - utilizing more numerous, smaller experts - have demonstrated potential in improving model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Jakub Krajewski , Marcin Chochowski , Daniel Korzekwa

The Mixtures-of-Experts (MoE) model is a widespread distributed and integrated learning method for large language models (LLM), which is favored due to its ability to sparsify and expand models efficiently. However, the performance of MoE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Jing Li , Zhijie Sun , Xuan He , Li Zeng , Yi Lin , Entong Li , Binfan Zheng , Rongqian Zhao , Xin Chen

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as one of the most widely used parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods for adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks. While highly effective in single-task settings, it struggles…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Bo Cheng , Xu Wang , Jinda Liu , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) drives research to align its performance with full fine-tuning. However, significant challenges remain: (1) Simply increasing the rank size of LoRA does not effectively capture high-rank information, which leads…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Chuanyu Tang , Yilong Chen , Zhenyu Zhang , Junyuan Shang , Wenyuan Zhang , Yong Huang , Tingwen Liu

While large language models (LLMs) excel on generation tasks, their decoder-only architecture often limits their potential as embedding models if no further representation finetuning is applied. Does this contradict their claim of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Ziyue Li , Tianyi Zhou

Conventional large language models (LLMs) are equipped with dozens of GB to TB of model parameters, making inference highly energy-intensive and costly as all the weights need to be loaded to onboard processing elements during computation.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Wei-Hsing Huang , Janak Sharda , Cheng-Jhih Shih , Yuyao Kong , Faaiq Waqar , Pin-Jun Chen , Yingyan , Lin , Shimeng Yu

Mixture-of-Experts large language models (MoE-LLMs) marks a significant step forward of language models, however, they encounter two critical challenges in practice: 1) expert parameters lead to considerable memory consumption and loading…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Wei Huang , Yue Liao , Jianhui Liu , Ruifei He , Haoru Tan , Shiming Zhang , Hongsheng Li , Si Liu , Xiaojuan Qi