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In this paper, we focus on Whisper, a recent automatic speech recognition model trained with a massive 680k hour labeled speech corpus recorded in diverse conditions. We first show an interesting finding that while Whisper is very robust…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yuan Gong , Sameer Khurana , Leonid Karlinsky , James Glass

Speech foundation models, such as OpenAI's Whisper, become the state of the art in speech understanding due to their strong accuracy and generalizability. Yet, their applications are mostly limited to processing pre-recorded speech, whereas…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Rongxiang Wang , Zhiming Xu , Felix Xiaozhu Lin

Whisper models have achieved remarkable progress in speech recognition; yet their large size remains a bottleneck for deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. This paper proposes a framework to design fine-tuned variants of Whisper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Prasenjit K Mudi , Anshi Sachan , Dahlia Devapriya , Sheetal Kalyani

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) research has faced limitations due to the lack of standard and sufficiently large datasets. Recent studies have leveraged pre-trained models to extract features for downstream tasks such as SER. This work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ali Shendabadi , Parnia Izadirad , Mostafa Salehi , Mahmoud Bijankhan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. These capabilities stem primarily from the self-attention mechanism, which enables modeling of long-range…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Zeng You , Yaofo Chen , Shuhai Zhang , Zhijie Qiu , Tingyu Wu , Yingjian Li , Yaowei Wang , Mingkui Tan

Recent speaker verification (SV) systems have shown a trend toward adopting deeper speaker embedding extractors. Although deeper and larger neural networks can significantly improve performance, their substantial memory requirements hinder…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Bei Liu , Yanmin Qian

Long-form speech recognition is an application area of increasing research focus. ASR models based on multi-head attention (MHA) are ill-suited to long-form ASR because of their quadratic complexity in sequence length. We build on recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Martin Ratajczak , Jean-Philippe Robichaud , Jennifer Drexler Fox

Sliding-window attention offers a hardware-efficient solution to the memory and throughput challenges of Large Language Models (LLMs) in long-context scenarios. Existing methods typically employ a single window length across all attention…

This article concerns comparative studies on the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model incorporated with the Large Language Model (LLM) used for medical interviews. The proposed solution is tested on polish language benchmarks and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-04 Marcin Pietroń , Szymon Piórkowski , Kamil Faber , Dominik Żurek , Michał Karwatowski , Jerzy Duda , Hubert Zieliński , Piotr Lipnicki , Mikołaj Leszczuk

Reliability on cloud providers for ASR inference to support child-centered voice-based applications is becoming challenging due to regulatory and privacy challenges. Motivated by a privacy-preserving design, this study aims to develop a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Satwik Dutta , Shruthigna Chandupatla , John Hansen

Transformer architectures have achieved remarkable success in various domains. While efficient alternatives to Softmax Attention have been widely studied, the search for more expressive mechanisms grounded in theoretical insight-even at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yifei Zuo , Yutong Yin , Zhichen Zeng , Ang Li , Banghua Zhu , Zhaoran Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are commonly derived by extending pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) with visual capabilities. In this work, we investigate how MLLMs process visual inputs by analyzing their attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jiahui Wang , Zuyan Liu , Yongming Rao , Jiwen Lu

Deploying long-context large language models (LLMs) is essential but poses significant computational and memory challenges. Caching all Key and Value (KV) states across all attention heads consumes substantial memory. Existing KV cache…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Guangxuan Xiao , Jiaming Tang , Jingwei Zuo , Junxian Guo , Shang Yang , Haotian Tang , Yao Fu , Song Han

While integrating speech encoder with LLM requires substantial data and resources, use cases face limitations due to insufficient availability. To address this, we propose a solution with a parameter-efficient adapter that converts speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jaekwon Yoo , Kunal Chandiramani , Divya Tadimeti , Abenezer Girma , Chandra Dhir

The Transformer architecture has proven to be highly effective for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) tasks, becoming a foundational component for a plethora of research in the domain. Historically, many approaches have leaned on…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Sizhou Chen , Songyang Gao , Sen Fang

Sequence-to-sequence attention-based models integrate an acoustic, pronunciation and language model into a single neural network, which make them very suitable for multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR). In this paper, we are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-06-15 Shiyu Zhou , Shuang Xu , Bo Xu

Speaker identification in multilingual settings presents unique challenges, particularly when conventional models are predominantly trained on English data. In this paper, we propose WSI (Whisper Speaker Identification), a framework that…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jakaria Islam Emon , Md Abu Salek , Kazi Tamanna Alam

Recent advances in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have opened new possibilities for unified modeling of speech, text, images, and other modalities. Building on our prior work, this paper examines the conditions and model…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yiwen Guan , Viet Anh Trinh , Vivek Voleti , Jacob Whitehill

While recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have begun to incorporate audio, they typically treat sound as static pre-execution prompts or focus exclusively on human speech. This leaves a significant gap in real-time, sound-centric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Chang Nie , Tianchen Deng , Guangming Wang , Zhe Liu , Hesheng Wang

This work analyzes how attention-based Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) models adapt to noise-augmented speech. We identify crucial components for noise adaptation in BLSTM models by freezing model components during fine-tuning.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-27 Coleman Hooper , Thierry Tambe , Gu-Yeon Wei