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We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of enhanced third-harmonic generation (THG) in silicon nitride metasurfaces. These structures exhibit strong resonant nonlinear responses, enabling up to two orders of magnitude…

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with remarkable second-harmonic generation (SHG) hold promise for future on-chip nonlinear optics. Relevant materials with both giant SHG response and environmental stability are long-sought targets. Here, we…

Optical spectroscopy based on second-order nonlinearity is a critical technique for characterizing two-dimensional (2D) crystals as well as bioimaging and quantum optics. It is generally believed that second-harmonic generation (SHG) in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-14 Haoning Tang , Zhitong Ding , Tianyi Ruan , Zeyu Hao , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Haozhe Wang , Ali Javey , Feng Wang , Yuan Cao

Parametric oscillation is a fundamental concept that underlies nonlinear wave-matter interactions, leading to generation or amplification of new frequency components. Using a temporal modulation generated by the heterodyne interference of a…

Optics · Physics 2020-01-10 Xuexue Guo , Xingjie Ni

Electrical tuning of second-order nonlinearity in optical materials is attractive to strengthen and expand the functionalities of nonlinear optical technologies, though its implementation remains elusive. Here, we report the electrically…

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a well-known nonlinear spectroscopy method to probe electronic structure, specifically, in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers. This work investigates the nonlinear dynamics of a strongly…

Second harmonic generation (SHG) extensively employs periodically poled nonlinear crystals through forward quasi-phase-matching to achieve efficient frequency conversion. As poling periods approach sub-micrometers, backward…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-15 Fengyan Yang , Juanjuan Lu , Mohan Shen , Guangcanlan Yang , Hong X. Tang

We present an analytical theory of second harmonic generation (SHG) in hybrid structures combining a nonlinear 2D crystal with a dielectric metasurface waveguide. The theory describes the excitation spectrum and enhancement of SHG at both…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-07 Egor S. Vyatkin , Sergey A. Tarasenko

We develop a multipolar theory of second-harmonic generation (SHG) by dielectric nanoparticles made of noncentrosymmetric materials with bulk quadratic nonlinearity. We specifically analyze two regimes of optical excitation: illumination by…

The ability to engineer nonlinear optical processes in all-dielectric nanostructures is both of fundamental interest and highly desirable for high-performance, robust, and miniaturized nonlinear optical devices. Herein, we propose a novel…

Optics · Physics 2021-11-25 Tingting Liu , Xinyuan Fang , Shuyuan Xiao

Nonlinear optical microscopy such as in the optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) modality has become a popular tool today for probing materials in the physical and biological sciences. While imaging and spectroscopy are widely used in…

We demonstrate a polarization rotator integrated at the output of a GaAs waveguide producing type I second harmonic generation (SHG). Form-birefringent phase matching between the pump fundamental transverse electric (TE) mode near 2.0…

Plasmonic enhancement of nonlinear optical processes confront severe limitations arising from the strong dispersion of metal susceptibilities and small interaction volumes that hamper desirable phase-matching-like conditions. Maximizing…

This research will examine the computational methods to calculate the nonlinear optical process of second harmonic generation (SHG) that will be hypothesized to be present during lithium ion insertion into silicon nanowires. First it will…

Optics · Physics 2021-10-19 Donald C. Boone

Topological photonics enables robust light manipulation with third-order optical nonlinearity, yet integrating second-order optical nonlinearity into a topological system faces fundamental challenges: frequency-dependent topological…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-30 Ruoyu Wang , Yiming Pan , Xiaoqin Shen

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical response arising exclusively from broken inversion symmetry in the electric-dipole limit. Recently, SHG has attracted widespread interest as a versatile and noninvasive tool for…

Second-harmonic (SH) generation is tremendously important for nonlinear sensing, microscopy and communication system. One of the great challenges of current designs is to enhance the SH signal and simultaneously tune its radiation direction…

Quadratic optical parametric processes form the foundation for a variety of applications related to classical and quantum frequency conversion, which have attracted significant interest recently in on-chip implementation. These processes…

Optics · Physics 2018-09-19 Rui Luo , Yang He , Hanxiao Liang , Mingxiao Li , Qiang Lin

In nonlinear nanophotonics, cascaded second-harmonic generation (SHG) in pure plasmonic waveguides for sequential signal transformation and complex on-chip functionality remains a long-standing challenge. Precise phase matching becomes…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-22 Komal Gupta , Anand Hegde , Xiaofei Wu , Jer-Shing Huang , Chen-Bin Huang

Nonlinear optical phenomena in nanostructured materials have been challenging our perceptions of nonlinear optical processes that have been explored since the invention of lasers. For example, the ability to control optical field…