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Agency, the capacity to proactively shape events, is central to how humans interact and collaborate. While LLMs are being developed to simulate human behavior and serve as human-like agents, little attention has been given to the Agency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Ashish Sharma , Sudha Rao , Chris Brockett , Akanksha Malhotra , Nebojsa Jojic , Bill Dolan

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated with human daily applications rapidly, many societal and ethical concerns are raised regarding the behavior of LLMs. One of the ways to comprehend LLMs' behavior is to analyze their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Xiaoyang Song , Yuta Adachi , Jessie Feng , Mouwei Lin , Linhao Yu , Frank Li , Akshat Gupta , Gopala Anumanchipalli , Simerjot Kaur

Personalized Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to be an effective way to create more engaging and enjoyable user-AI interactions. While previous studies have explored using prompts to elicit specific personality traits in LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Shi-Wei Dai , Yan-Wei Shie , Tsung-Huan Yang , Lun-Wei Ku , Yung-Hui Li

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as epistemic partners in everyday reasoning, yet their errors remain predominantly analyzed through predictive metrics rather than through their interpretive effects on human judgment. This…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Claudia Vale Oliveira , Nelson Zagalo , Filipe Silva , Anabela Brandao , Syeda Faryal Hussain Khurrum , Joaquim Santos

Assessing personality traits using large language models (LLMs) has emerged as an interesting and challenging area of research. While previous methods employ explicit questionnaires, often derived from the Big Five model of personality, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Joseph Suh , Suhong Moon , Minwoo Kang , David M. Chan

The ability to translate diverse patterns of inputs into structured patterns of behavior has been thought to rest on both humans' and machines' ability to learn robust representations of relevant concepts. The rapid advancement of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zach Studdiford , Timothy T. Rogers , Kushin Mukherjee , Siddharth Suresh

As artificial intelligence transforms software development, a critical question emerges: how can developers and AI systems collaborate most effectively? This dissertation optimizes human-AI programming roles through self-determination…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Marcel Valovy

Facing the current debate on whether Large Language Models (LLMs) attain near-human intelligence levels (Mitchell & Krakauer, 2023; Bubeck et al., 2023; Kosinski, 2023; Shiffrin & Mitchell, 2023; Ullman, 2023), the current study introduces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Junqi Wang , Chunhui Zhang , Jiapeng Li , Yuxi Ma , Lixing Niu , Jiaheng Han , Yujia Peng , Yixin Zhu , Lifeng Fan

This report analyzes the potential for large language models (LLMs) to expedite accurate replication and generalization of published research about message effects in marketing. LLM-powered participants (personas) were tested by replicating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Leo Yeykelis , Kaavya Pichai , James J. Cummings , Byron Reeves

Social alignment in AI systems aims to ensure that these models behave according to established societal values. However, unlike humans, who derive consensus on value judgments through social interaction, current language models (LMs) are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Ruibo Liu , Ruixin Yang , Chenyan Jia , Ge Zhang , Denny Zhou , Andrew M. Dai , Diyi Yang , Soroush Vosoughi

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to their adaptation in various domains as conversational agents. We wonder: can personality tests be applied to these agents to analyze their behavior, similar to humans? We…

Large Language Models increasingly mediate high-stakes interactions, intensifying research on their capabilities and safety. While recent work has shown that LLMs exhibit consistent and measurable synthetic personality traits, little is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Stephen Fitz , Peter Romero , Steven Basart , Sipeng Chen , Jose Hernandez-Orallo

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) in production environments has created an urgent need for observability systems that span the full stack -- from model internals to GPU kernels. Yet existing monitoring approaches address…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Twinkll Sisodia

The advent of large language models marks a revolutionary breakthrough in artificial intelligence. With the unprecedented scale of training and model parameters, the capability of large language models has been dramatically improved,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Jin Chen , Zheng Liu , Xu Huang , Chenwang Wu , Qi Liu , Gangwei Jiang , Yuanhao Pu , Yuxuan Lei , Xiaolong Chen , Xingmei Wang , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen

Human problem-solving is enriched by a diversity of styles and personality traits, yet the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has largely prioritized uniform performance benchmarks that favour specific behavioural tendencies such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Xi Wang , Mengdie Zhuang , Jiqun Liu

Emotions exert an immense influence over human behavior and cognition in both commonplace and high-stress tasks. Discussions of whether or how to integrate large language models (LLMs) into everyday life (e.g., acting as proxies for, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Mattson Ogg , Chace Ashcraft , Ritwik Bose , Raphael Norman-Tenazas , Michael Wolmetz

Do large language models (LLMs) exhibit any forms of awareness similar to humans? In this paper, we introduce AwareBench, a benchmark designed to evaluate awareness in LLMs. Drawing from theories in psychology and philosophy, we define…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Yuan Li , Yue Huang , Yuli Lin , Siyuan Wu , Yao Wan , Lichao Sun

As language models are deployed as autonomous agents that negotiate, cooperate, and compete on behalf of human principals, their strategic dispositions acquire direct economic consequences. Here we show, across 51,906 game-theoretic trials…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-23 Felipe M. Affonso

As Large Language Models (LLMs) evolve into lifelong AI assistants, LLM personalization has become a critical frontier. However, progress is currently bottlenecked by the absence of a gold-standard evaluation benchmark. Existing benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jianfei Xiao , Xiang Yu , Chengbing Wang , Wuqiang Zheng , Xinyu Lin , Kaining Liu , Hongxun Ding , Yang Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He

Are large language models (LLMs) biased in favor of communications produced by LLMs, leading to possible antihuman discrimination? Using a classical experimental design inspired by employment discrimination studies, we tested widely used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Walter Laurito , Benjamin Davis , Peli Grietzer , Tomáš Gavenčiak , Ada Böhm , Jan Kulveit