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The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) requires considered optimization problems to be translated into a compatible format. A popular transformation step in this pipeline involves the quadratization of higher-order binary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Damian Rovara , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

Despite much recent work, the true promise and limitations of the Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) are unclear. A critical question regarding QAOA is to what extent its performance scales with the input size of the problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-07 John Golden , Andreas Bärtschi , Stephan Eidenbenz , Daniel O'Malley

Many relevant problems in industrial settings result in NP-hard optimization problems, such as the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) or its reduced variant, the Travelling Salesperson Problem (TSP). Even with today's most powerful…

As quantum computing advances, quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOA) have shown promise in addressing combinatorial optimization problems. However, the limitations of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices hinder the…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and its derived variants are widely in use for approximating combinatorial optimization problem instances on gate-based Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers. Commonly,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-11 Simon Garhofer , Oliver Bringmann

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a near-term quantum algorithm aimed at solving combinatorial optimization problems. Since its introduction, various generalizations have emerged, spanning modifications to the initial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 Truman Yu Ng , Jin Ming Koh , Dax Enshan Koh

Solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) is a promising application of quantum computation, with the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) being one of the most studied quantum algorithms for solving them. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 J. A. Montanez-Barrera , Dennis Willsch , Kristel Michielsen

Traffic optimization on roads is a highly complex problem, with one important aspect being minimization of traffic congestion. By mapping to an Ising formulation of the traffic congestion problem, we benchmark solutions obtained from the…

Optimization problems are critical across various domains, yet existing quantum algorithms, despite their great potential, struggle with scalability and accuracy due to excessive reliance on entanglement. To address these limitations, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Seongmin Kim , In-Saeng Suh

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is designed to run on a gate model quantum computer and has shallow depth. It takes as input a combinatorial optimization problem and outputs a string that satisfies a high fraction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-22 Edward Farhi , Aram W Harrow

Continuous-variable (CV) quantum systems offer a natural framework for continuous optimization through their infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. In this paper, we propose the Complex Continuous-Variable Quantum Approximate Optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Raneem Madani , Abdel Lisser , Zeno Toffano

Quantum algorithms can be used to perform unsupervised machine learning tasks like data clustering by mapping the distance between data points to a graph optimization problem (i.e. MAXCUT) and finding optimal solution through energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 Daniel Beaulieu , Anh Pham

Critical decision-making issues in science, engineering, and industry are based on combinatorial optimization; however, its application is inherently limited by the NP-hard nature of the problem. A specialized paradigm of analogue quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Rudraksh Sharma , Ravi Katukam , Arjun Nagulapally

We show through numerical simulation that the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) for higher-order, random-coefficient, heavy-hex compatible spin glass Ising models has strong parameter concentration across problem sizes from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-13 Elijah Pelofske , Andreas Bärtschi , Lukasz Cincio , John Golden , Stephan Eidenbenz

Encoding combinatorial optimization problems into physically meaningful Hamiltonians with tractable energy landscapes forms the foundation of quantum optimization. Numerous works have studied such efficient encodings for the class of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Sebastian Egginger , Kristina Kirova , Sonja Bruckner , Stefan Hillmich , Richard Kueng

A range of quantum algorithms, especially those leveraging variational parameterization and circuit-based optimization, are being studied as alternatives for solving classically intractable combinatorial optimization problems (COPs).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Monit Sharma , Hoong Chuin Lau

We introduce a counterdiabatic (CD) extension of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) for constrained portfolio optimization. By incorporating approximate adiabatic gauge potentials generated from nested commutators of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Jose Falla , Ilya Safro

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a near-term hybrid algorithm intended to solve combinatorial optimization problems, such as MaxCut. QAOA can be made to mimic an adiabatic schedule, and in the $p\to\infty$ limit the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-02 Jonathan Wurtz , Peter J. Love

We present new advances towards achieving exponential quantum speedups for solving optimization problems by low-depth quantum algorithms. Specifically, we focus on families of combinatorial optimization problems that exhibit symmetry and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Ashley Montanaro , Leo Zhou

The optimization of the power consumption of antenna networks is a problem with a potential impact in the field of telecommunications. In this work, we investigate the application of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Matteo Vandelli , Alessandra Lignarolo , Carlo Cavazzoni , Daniele Dragoni