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A parametric method similar to autoregressive spectral estimators is proposed to determine the probability density function (pdf) of a random set. The method proceeds by maximizing the likelihood of the pdf, yielding estimates that perform…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-10-31 T. Dudok de Wit , E. Floriani

We propose a data-driven method to learn the time-dependent probability density of a multivariate stochastic process from sample paths, assuming that the initial probability density is known and can be evaluated. Our method uses a novel…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-19 Agnimitra Dasgupta , Javier Murgoitio-Esandi , Ali Fardisi , Assad A Oberai

We use a suite of 3D simulations of star-forming molecular clouds, with and without stellar feedback and magnetic fields, to investigate the effectiveness of different fitting methods for volume and column density probability distribution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-05-22 Avery Kiihne , Sabrina M. Appel , Blakesley Burkhart , Vadim A. Semenov , Christoph Federrath

Weak lensing measurements are starting to provide statistical maps of the distribution of matter in the universe that are increasingly precise and complementary to cosmic microwave background maps. The probability distribution (PDF)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Tong-Jie Zhang , Ue-Li Pen

We present a method to accelerate the evaluation of the likelihood in gravitational wave parameter estimation. Parameter estimation codes compute likelihoods of similar waveforms, whose phases and amplitudes differ smoothly with frequency.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-03 Barak Zackay , Liang Dai , Tejaswi Venumadhav

In this technical report, we consider conditional density estimation with a maximum likelihood approach. Under weak assumptions, we obtain a theoretical bound for a Kullback-Leibler type loss for a single model maximum likelihood estimate.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-07-11 Serge Cohen , Erwan Le Pennec

Tree-based priors for probability distributions are usually specified using a predetermined, data-independent collection of candidate recursive partitions of the sample space. To characterize an unknown target density in detail over the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-14 Li Ma , Benedetta Bruni

We propose the periodic scaled Korobov kernel (PSKK) method for nonparametric density estimation on $\mathbb{R}^d$. By first wrapping the target density into a periodic version through modulo operation and subsequently applying kernel ridge…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Ziyang Ye , Haoyuan Tan , Xiaoqun Wang , Zhijian He

We design a new, fast algorithm for agnostically learning univariate probability distributions whose densities are well approximated by piecewise polynomial functions. Let $f$ be the density function of an arbitrary univariate distribution,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-03 Jayadev Acharya , Ilias Diakonikolas , Jerry Li , Ludwig Schmidt

In this paper, we propose a novel, effective and efficient probabilistic pruning criterion for probabilistic similarity queries on uncertain data. Our approach supports a general uncertainty model using continuous probabilistic density…

Container ships encounter large roll angles and high acceleration, and container loss remains a problem. This study proposes a method for calculating the probability density function~(PDF) of roll angular and cargo lateral accelerations.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-09-27 Yuuki Maruyama , Atsuo Maki , Leo Dostal , Naoya Umeda

Given a compact parameter set $Y\subset R^p$, we consider polynomial optimization problems $(P_y$) on $R^n$ whose description depends on the parameter $y\inY$. We assume that one can compute all moments of some probability measure $\phi$ on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-05-18 Jean B. Lasserre

Binned maximum likelihood fits are an attractive option when analysing large datasets, but require care when computing likelihoods of continuous PDFs in bins. For many years the widely used statistical modelling package RooFit evaluated…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2021-08-06 V. V. Gligorov , S. Hageboeck , T. Nanut , A. Sciandra , D. Y. Tou

Existing score-based methods for inverse problems often resort to approximate minimization of the KL divergence between the inversion distribution and the Bayesian posterior. Such an approximation leads to severe mode collapse and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Weimin Bai , Yuxuan Gu , Yifei Wang , Weijian Luo , He Sun

This paper develops a unified and computationally efficient method for change-point estimation along the time dimension in a non-stationary spatio-temporal process. By modeling a non-stationary spatio-temporal process as a piecewise…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-09 Zifeng Zhao , Ting Fung Ma , Wai Leong Ng , Chun Yip Yau

Modeling large dependent datasets in modern time series analysis is a crucial research area. One effective approach to handle such datasets is to transform the observations into density functions and apply statistical methods for further…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-23 Yinzhi Wang , Yingqiu Zhu , Ben-Chang Shia , Lei Qin

This paper presents a new method for modelling periodic signals having an aperiodic trend, using the method of variable projection. It is a major extension to the IEEE-standard 1057 by permitting the background to be time varying;…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-21 Johannes Handler , Dimitar Ninevski , Paul O'Leary

Power-law probability distributions arise often in the social and natural sciences. Statistics have been developed for estimating the exponent parameter as well as gauging goodness-of-fit to a power law. Yet paradoxically, many famous power…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-21 Qianying Lin , Mitchell Newberry

A method to approximate continuous multi-dimensional probability density functions (PDFs) using their projections and correlations is described. The method is particularly useful for event classification when estimates of systematic…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-10-31 Dean Karlen

A probability density function (pdf) encodes the entire stochastic knowledge about data distribution, where data may represent stochastic observations in robotics, transition state pairs in reinforcement learning or any other empirically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Dmitry Kopitkov , Vadim Indelman