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Reinforcement Learning is a machine learning methodology that has demonstrated strong performance across a variety of tasks. In particular, it plays a central role in the development of artificial autonomous agents. As these agents become…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lisa Dargasz

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly serve as the central control unit of AI agents, yet current approaches remain limited in their ability to deliver personalized interactions. While Retrieval Augmented Generation enhances LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rebecca Westhäußer , Wolfgang Minker , Sebatian Zepf

Current adversarial robustness methods for large language models require extensive datasets of harmful prompts (thousands to hundreds of thousands of examples), yet remain vulnerable to novel attack vectors and distributional shifts. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Linh Le , David Williams-King , Mohamed Amine Merzouk , Aton Kamanda , Adam Oberman

In this exploratory paper we introduce the problem of cognitive agents that learn how to modify their environment according to local sensing to reach a global goal. We concentrate on discrete dynamics (cellular automata) on a…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2026-04-14 Franco Bagnoli , Bassem Sellami , Amira Mouakher , Samira El Yacoubi

Autonomous agents play a crucial role in advancing Artificial General Intelligence, enabling problem decomposition and tool orchestration through Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing paradigms face a critical trade-off. On one…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jinzhou Tang , Jusheng Zhang , Qinhan Lv , Sidi Liu , Jing Yang , Chengpei Tang , Keze Wang

The embedding of Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous agents is a rapidly developing field which enables dynamic, configurable behaviours without the need for extensive domain-specific training. In our previous work, we introduced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Lewis Newsham , Daniel Prince

The standard theory of model-free reinforcement learning assumes that the environment dynamics are stationary and that agents are decoupled from their environment, such that policies are treated as being separate from the world they…

Embodied agents have shown promising generalization capabilities across diverse physical environments, making them essential for a wide range of real-world applications. However, building versatile embodied agents poses critical challenges…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Shengli Zhou , Xiangchen Wang , Jinrui Zhang , Ruozai Tian , Rongtao Xu , Feng Zheng

Robots operating in human spaces must be able to engage in natural language interaction with people, both understanding and executing instructions, and using conversation to resolve ambiguity and recover from mistakes. To study this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Aishwarya Padmakumar , Jesse Thomason , Ayush Shrivastava , Patrick Lange , Anjali Narayan-Chen , Spandana Gella , Robinson Piramuthu , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

This letter introduces ERRA, an embodied learning architecture that enables robots to jointly obtain three fundamental capabilities (reasoning, planning, and interaction) for solving long-horizon language-conditioned manipulation tasks.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Chao Zhao , Shuai Yuan , Chunli Jiang , Junhao Cai , Hongyu Yu , Michael Yu Wang , Qifeng Chen

Modern AI agents suffer from a fundamental identity problem: when context windows overflow and conversation histories are summarized, agents experience catastrophic forgetting -- losing not just information, but continuity of self. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Prahlad G. Menon

Collaborative reasoning with multiple agents offers the potential for more robust and diverse problem-solving. However, existing approaches often suffer from homogeneous agent behaviors and lack of reflective and rethinking capabilities. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Jian Zhang , Zhiyuan Wang , Zhangqi Wang , Fangzhi Xu , Qika Lin , Lingling Zhang , Rui Mao , Erik Cambria , Jun Liu

Self-anthropomorphism in robots manifests itself through their display of human-like characteristics in dialogue, such as expressing preferences and emotions. Our study systematically analyzes self-anthropomorphic expression within various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yu Li , Devamanyu Hazarika , Di Jin , Julia Hirschberg , Yang Liu

The development of artificial agents for social interaction pushes to enrich robots with social skills and knowledge about (local) social norms. One possibility is to distinguish the expressive and the functional orders during a human-robot…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Chiara Bassetti , Enrico Blanzieri , Stefano Borgo , Sofia Marangon

We present Confidence-Based Autonomy (CBA), an interactive algorithm for policy learning from demonstration. The CBA algorithm consists of two components which take advantage of the complimentary abilities of humans and computer agents. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-01-16 Sonia Chernova , Manuela Veloso

Many tasks in control, robotics, and planning can be specified using desired goal configurations for various entities in the environment. Learning goal-conditioned policies is a natural paradigm to solve such tasks. However, current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Allan Zhou , Vikash Kumar , Chelsea Finn , Aravind Rajeswaran

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in tool manipulation for complex task-solving. However, existing paradigms such as ReAct rely on sequential reasoning and execution, failing to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Jiaqi Wu , Qinlao Zhao , Zefeng Chen , Kai Qin , Yifei Zhao , Xueqian Wang , Yuhang Yao

The rapid development and adoption of Generative AI (GAI) technology in the form of chatbots such as ChatGPT and Claude has greatly increased interest in agentic machines. This paper introduces the Autonomous Cognitive Entity (ACE) model, a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-02 David Shapiro , Wangfan Li , Manuel Delaflor , Carlos Toxtli

Learning manipulable representations of the world and its dynamics is central to AI. Joint-Embedding Predictive Architectures (JEPAs) offer a promising blueprint, but lack of practical guidance and theory has led to ad-hoc R&D. We present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Randall Balestriero , Yann LeCun

Recent research on proactive conversational agents (PCAs) mainly focuses on improving the system's capabilities in anticipating and planning action sequences to accomplish tasks and achieve goals before users articulate their requests. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Yang Deng , Lizi Liao , Zhonghua Zheng , Grace Hui Yang , Tat-Seng Chua