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Context retrieval systems for LLM inference face a critical challenge: high retrieval latency creates a fundamental tension between waiting for complete context (poor time-to-first-token) and proceeding without it (reduced quality).…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Rajveer Bachkaniwala , Chengqi Luo , Richard So , Divya Mahajan , Kexin Rong

Continual VideoQA with multimodal LLMs is hindered by interference between tasks and the prohibitive cost of storing task-specific prompts. We introduce HyperTokens, a transformer-based token generator that produces fine-tuning tokens on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Toan Nguyen , Yang Liu , Celso De Melo , Flora D. Salim

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming the backbone of modern cloud services, yet their inference costs are dominated by GPU energy. Unlike traditional GPU workloads, LLM inference has two stages with different characteristics: the…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Qunyou Liu , Darong Huang , Marina Zapater , David Atienza

We introduce ProVideLLM, an end-to-end framework for real-time procedural video understanding. ProVideLLM integrates a multimodal cache configured to store two types of tokens - verbalized text tokens, which provide compressed textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Dibyadip Chatterjee , Edoardo Remelli , Yale Song , Bugra Tekin , Abhay Mittal , Bharat Bhatnagar , Necati Cihan Camgöz , Shreyas Hampali , Eric Sauser , Shugao Ma , Angela Yao , Fadime Sener

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) face significant computational overhead when processing long videos due to the massive number of visual tokens required. To improve efficiency, existing methods primarily reduce redundancy by pruning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Bingjun Luo , Tony Wang , Chaoqi Chen , Xinpeng Ding

The growth in the number of parameters of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to a significant surge in computational requirements, making them challenging and costly to deploy. Speculative decoding (SD) leverages smaller models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Matthieu Zimmer , Milan Gritta , Gerasimos Lampouras , Haitham Bou Ammar , Jun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in handling long texts and have almost perfect performance in traditional retrieval tasks. However, their performance significantly degrades when it comes to numerical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Yijiong Yu

Large language models (LLMs) excel in many natural language tasks, yet they struggle with complex mathemat-ical problem-solving, particularly in symbolic reasoning and maintaining consistent output. This study evalu-ates 10 LLMs with 7 to 8…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Evgenii Evstafev

Despite remarkable advancements in emulating human-like behavior through Large Language Models (LLMs), current textual simulations do not adequately address the notion of time. To this end, we introduce TimeArena, a novel textual simulated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Yikai Zhang , Siyu Yuan , Caiyu Hu , Kyle Richardson , Yanghua Xiao , Jiangjie Chen

Real-world simultaneous machine translation (SimulMT) systems face more challenges than just the quality-latency trade-off. They also need to address issues related to robustness with noisy input, processing long contexts, and flexibility…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Minghan Wang , Jinming Zhao , Thuy-Trang Vu , Fatemeh Shiri , Ehsan Shareghi , Gholamreza Haffari

Large language model (LLM) agents typically rely on reactive decision-making paradigms such as ReAct, selecting actions conditioned on growing execution histories. While effective for short tasks, these approaches often lead to redundant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yihan , Wen , Xin Chen

This work introduces (1) a technique that allows large language models (LLMs) to leverage user-provided code when solving programming tasks and (2) a method to iteratively generate modular sub-functions that can aid future code generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Patrick Hajali , Ignas Budvytis

As large dialogue models become commonplace in practice, the problems surrounding high compute requirements for training, inference and larger memory footprint still persists. In this work, we present AUTODIAL, a multi-task dialogue model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Prajjwal Bhargava , Pooyan Amini , Shahin Shayandeh , Chinnadhurai Sankar

Function calling is a complex task with widespread applications in domains such as information retrieval, software engineering and automation. For example, a query to book the shortest flight from New York to London on January 15 requires…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Ishan Kavathekar , Raghav Donakanti , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Karthik Vaidhyanathan

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) represent a new paradigm beyond autoregressive modeling, offering competitive performance while naturally enabling a flexible decoding process. Specifically, dLLMs can generate tokens at arbitrary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Sicheng Feng , Zigeng Chen , Xinyin Ma , Gongfan Fang , Xinchao Wang

Inference-time scaling has emerged as a powerful way to improve large language model (LLM) performance by generating multiple candidate responses and selecting among them. However, existing work on dynamic allocation for test-time compute…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Jenny Y. Huang , Mehul Damani , Yousef El-Kurdi , Ramon Astudillo , Wei Sun

The growing demand for on-device large language model (LLM) inference highlights the need for efficient mobile edge computing (MEC) solutions, especially in resource-constrained settings. Speculative decoding offers a promising solution by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jungyeon Koh , Hyun Jong Yang

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in vision, language, and video understanding tasks, scaling them to long-form speech remains a critical bottleneck due to the explosive growth of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Junseok Lee , Sangyong Lee , Chang-Jae Chun

LLM decoding is bottlenecked for large batches and long contexts by loading the key-value (KV) cache from high-bandwidth memory, which inflates per-token latency, while the sequential nature of decoding limits parallelism. We analyze the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Ted Zadouri , Hubert Strauss , Tri Dao

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with external tools is a promising approach to enhance their capabilities, especially for complex tasks. Synthesizing tool-use data through real-world simulations is an effective way to achieve this.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Yirong Zeng , Xiao Ding , Yuxian Wang , Weiwen Liu , Wu Ning , Yutai Hou , Xu Huang , Duyu Tang , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu