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Inspired by the success of Transformer-based models in natural language processing, this paper investigates their potential as foundation models for network traffic analysis. We propose a unified pre-training and fine-tuning pipeline for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Samara Mayhoub , Chuan Heng Foh , Mahdi Boloursaz Mashhadi , Mohammad Shojafar , Rahim Tafazolli

Although many complex models were proposed to analyze time series data, some studies have demonstrated remarkable performance with simpler structures. A recent study proposed a non-parametric framework for 3D point cloud classification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Bowen Liu , Haijian Lai , Chan-Tong Lam , Junhao Dong , Benjamin Ng , Wei Ke , Sio-Kei Im

Time series foundation models (FMs) have emerged as a popular paradigm for zero-shot multi-domain forecasting. FMs are trained on numerous diverse datasets and claim to be effective forecasters across multiple different time series domains,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 William Toner , Thomas L. Lee , Artjom Joosen , Rajkarn Singh , Martin Asenov

The recent surge in Time Series Foundation Models has rapidly advanced the field, yet the heterogeneous training setups across studies make it difficult to attribute improvements to architectural innovations versus data engineering. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Yunshi Wen , Wesley M. Gifford , Chandra Reddy , Lam M. Nguyen , Jayant Kalagnanam , Anak Agung Julius

Accurate traffic forecasting is a core technology for building Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), enabling better urban resource allocation and improved travel experiences. With growing urbanization, traffic congestion has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Chenyang Yu , Xinpeng Xie , Yan Huang , Chenxi Qiu

While recent advancements in foundation models have significantly impacted machine learning, rigorous tests on the performance of time series foundation models (TSFMs) remain largely underexplored. This paper presents an empirical study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Syamantak Datta Gupta

Time series has been left behind in the era of pre-training and transfer learning. While research in the fields of natural language processing and computer vision are enjoying progressively larger datasets to train massive models, the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Gerald Woo , Chenghao Liu , Akshat Kumar , Doyen Sahoo

This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the ability of Chronos foundation model to process and internally represent frequency domain information. Foundation models that process time-series data offer practitioners a unified…

Time series data are ubiquitous across diverse real-world applications, making time series analysis critically important. Traditional approaches are largely task-specific, offering limited functionality and poor transferability. In recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jiexia Ye , Yongzi Yu , Weiqi Zhang , Le Wang , Jia Li , Fugee Tsung

Recent progress in foundation models has enabled strong zero-shot performance for time series forecasting. In this work, we show that such capabilities can also emerge from tabular foundation models. We introduce TabPFN-TS, a simple method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Shi Bin Hoo , Samuel Müller , David Salinas , Frank Hutter

A systematic comparison of Chronos, a transformer-based time series forecasting framework, against traditional approaches including ARIMA and Prophet. We evaluate these models across multiple time horizons and user categories, with a focus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Matthew Baron , Alex Karpinski

Financial time series forecasting is central to trading, portfolio optimization, and risk management, yet it remains challenging due to noisy, non-stationary, and heterogeneous data. Recent advances in time series foundation models (TSFMs),…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-25 Eghbal Rahimikia , Hao Ni , Weiguan Wang

Effective resource allocation in higher education depends on reliable enrolment forecasts, yet institutional planners frequently face data series disrupted by structural shifts. This paper investigates whether zero-shot Time Series…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jittarin Jetwiriyanon , Teo Susnjak , Surangika Ranathunga

Due to the global trend towards urbanization, people increasingly move to and live in cities that then continue to grow. Traffic forecasting plays an important role in the intelligent transportation systems of cities as well as in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Duc Kieu , Tung Kieu , Peng Han , Bin Yang , Christian S. Jensen , Bac Le

Conventional time-series forecasting methods typically aim to minimize overall prediction error, without accounting for the varying importance of different forecast ranges in downstream applications. We propose a training methodology that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Luca-Andrei Fechete , Mohamed Sana , Fadhel Ayed , Nicola Piovesan , Wenjie Li , Antonio De Domenico , Tareq Si Salem

Foundation models have shown great promise in various fields of study. A potential application of such models is in computer network traffic analysis, where these models can grasp the complexities of network traffic dynamics and adapt to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Louis Van Langendonck , Ismael Castell-Uroz , Pere Barlet-Ros

Transformer-based foundation models have emerged as a dominant paradigm in time series analysis, offering unprecedented capabilities in tasks such as forecasting, anomaly detection, classification, trend analysis and many more time series…

Time-series forecasting models (TSFM) have evolved from classical statistical methods to sophisticated foundation models, yet understanding why and when these models succeed or fail remains challenging. Despite this known limitation, time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Michael Widener , Kausik Lakkaraju , John Aydin , Biplav Srivastava

Financial time-series forecasting is critical for maintaining economic stability, guiding informed policymaking, and promoting sustainable investment practices. However, it remains challenging due to various underlying pattern shifts. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhuohang Zhu , Haodong Chen , Qiang Qu , Vera Chung

The rise in energy demand highlights the importance of suitable subsurface storage, requiring detailed and accurate subsurface characterization often reliant on high-quality borehole well log data. However, obtaining complete well-log data…