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Model-based reinforcement learning promises strong sample efficiency but often underperforms in practice due to compounding model error, unimodal world models that average over multi-modal dynamics, and overconfident predictions that bias…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Mehran Aghabozorgi , Alireza Moazeni , Yanshu Zhang , Ke Li

Augmenting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with external real-world data (RWD) has the potential to improve the finite sample efficiency of treatment effect estimators. We describe using adaptive targeted maximum likelihood estimation…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-30 Sky Qiu , Jens Tarp , Andrew Mertens , Mark van der Laan

Subgroup analyses within randomized controlled trials are often underpowered due to limited sample sizes. We address this challenge by leveraging trial participants outside the subgroup of interest to augment estimation within the subgroup.…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-18 Sky Qiu , Nerissa Nance , Rachael Phillips , Jens Tarp , Maya Petersen , Mark van der Laan

Value-based reinforcement-learning algorithms have shown strong results in games, robotics, and other real-world applications. Overestimation bias is a known threat to those algorithms and can sometimes lead to dramatic performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Martin Waltz , Ostap Okhrin

This paper studies the generalization of the targeted minimum loss-based estimation (TMLE) framework to estimation of effects of time-varying interventions in settings where both interventions, covariates, and outcome can happen at…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-06 Helene C. Rytgaard , Thomas A. Gerds , Mark J. van der Laan

Diffusion-based models have recently shown strong performance in trajectory planning, as they are capable of capturing diverse, multimodal distributions of complex behaviors. A key limitation of these models is their slow inference speed,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Grayson Lee , Minh Bui , Shuzi Zhou , Yankai Li , Mo Chen , Ke Li

We propose and study M-estimation to estimate the parameters in the censored regression model in the presence of endogeneity, i.e., the Tobit model. In the course of this study, we follow two-stage procedures: the first stage consists of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-13 Swati Shukla , Subhra Sankar Dhar , Shalabh

Prediction for very large data sets is typically carried out in two stages, variable selection and pattern recognition. Ordinarily variable selection involves seeing how well individual explanatory variables are correlated with the…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-12 Herman Chernoff , Shaw-Hwa Lo , Tian Zheng , Adeline Lo

Analyzing multi-layered graphical models provides insight into understanding the conditional relationships among nodes within layers after adjusting for and quantifying the effects of nodes from other layers. We obtain the penalized maximum…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-01-06 Jiahe Lin , Sumanta Basu , Moulinath Banerjee , George Michailidis

Over the past decades, there has been a surge of interest in studying low-dimensional structures within high-dimensional data. Statistical factor models $-$ i.e., low-rank plus diagonal covariance structures $-$ offer a powerful framework…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-20 Daniel Cederberg

We study the problem of computing the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of multivariate log-concave densities. Our main result is the first computationally efficient algorithm for this problem. In more detail, we give an algorithm that, on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Ilias Diakonikolas , Anastasios Sidiropoulos , Alistair Stewart

Case-control studies are designed towards studying associations between risk factors and a single, primary outcome. Information about additional, secondary outcomes is also collected, but association studies targeting such secondary…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-17 Tamar Sofer , Marilyn C. Cornelis , Peter Kraft , Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen

We consider the problem of estimating the distribution function, the density and the hazard rate of the (unobservable) event time in the current status model. A well studied and natural nonparametric estimator for the distribution function…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-01-13 Piet Groeneboom , Geurt Jongbloed , Birgit I. Witte

Estimation of a single Bernoulli parameter using pooled sampling is among the oldest problems in the group testing literature. To carry out such estimation, an array of efficient estimators have been introduced covering a wide range of…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-21 Gregory Haber , Yaakov Malinovsky

The Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (TMLE) statistical data analysis framework integrates machine learning, statistical theory, and statistical inference to provide a least biased, efficient and robust strategy for estimation and…

In Bayesian hypothesis testing and model selection, prior distributions must be chosen carefully. For example, setting arbitrarily large prior scales for location parameters, which is common practice in estimation problems, can lead to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-25 Víctor Peña , James O. Berger

Composite likelihood estimation has an important role in the analysis of multivariate data for which the full likelihood function is intractable. An important issue in composite likelihood inference is the choice of the weights associated…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-12-15 Davide Ferrari , Chao Zheng

A difficulty in MSE estimation occurs because we do not specify a full distribution for the survey weights. This obfuscates the use of fully parametric bootstrap procedures. To overcome this challenge, we develop a novel MSE estimator. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-25 Yanghyeon Cho , Emily Berg

The use of cellular networks for massive machine-type communications (mMTC) is an appealing solution due to the wide availability of cellular infrastructure. Estimating the number of devices (network load) is vital for efficient allocation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-22 Ahmed O. Elmeligy , Ioannis Psaromiligkos , Au Minh

Let $\{(X_i,Y_i)\}_{i\in \{1,..., n\}}$ be an i.i.d. sample from the random design regression model $Y=f(X)+\epsilon$ with $(X,Y)\in [0,1]\times [-M,M]$. In dealing with such a model, adaptation is naturally to be intended in terms of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-01-23 Pierpaolo Brutti
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