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The use of generative machine learning models, trained on the experimentally resolved structures deposited in the protein data bank, is an attractive approach to sampling conformational ensembles of proteins. However, the ensembles…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-22 Akashnathan Aranganathan , Eric R. Beyerle

Diffusion models have been successful in learning complex data distributions. This capability has driven their application to high-dimensional multi-objective black-box optimization problem. Existing approaches often employ an external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Kim Yong Tan , Yueming Lyu , Ivor Tsang , Yew-Soon Ong

Diffusion-based generators set the current state of the art for synthetic tabular data. These methods approach but rarely exceed real-data utility, and closing this synthetic-real gap has so far been pursued exclusively at training time,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Eugenio Lomurno , Filippo Balzarini , Francesco Benelle , Francesca Pia Panaccione , Matteo Matteucci

Generative modeling has become a central paradigm in protein research, extending machine learning beyond structure prediction toward sequence design, backbone generation, inverse folding, and biomolecular interaction modeling. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Senura Hansaja Wanasekara , Minh-Duong Nguyen , Xiaochen Liu , Nguyen H. Tran , Ken-Tye Yong

The evolutionary processes of complex systems contain critical information regarding their functional characteristics. The generation time of edges provides insights into the historical evolution of various networked complex systems, such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 En Xu , Can Rong , Jingtao Ding , Yong Li

Adapting pretrained diffusion models to downstream objectives such as inverse problems often requires expensive test-time guidance or optimization. We propose a principled framework for generating high-quality reward-aligned samples at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Kushagra Pandey , Farrin Marouf Sofian , Jan Niklas Groeneveld , Felix Draxler , Stephan Mandt

Often, constraints arise in deployment settings where even lightweight parameter updates e.g. parameter-efficient fine-tuning could induce model shift or tuning instability. We study test-time adaptation of foundation models for few-shot…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-04 Tahir Qasim Syed , Behraj Khan

Lightweight inference is critical for biomolecular structure prediction and other downstream tasks, enabling efficient real-world deployment and inference-time scaling for large-scale applications. In this work, we address the challenge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Chengyue Gong , Xinshi Chen , Yuxuan Zhang , Yuxuan Song , Hao Zhou , Wenzhi Xiao

AlphaFold 3 represents a transformative advancement in computational biology, enhancing protein structure prediction through novel multi-scale transformer architectures, biologically informed cross-attention mechanisms, and geometry-aware…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-27 Alireza Abbaszadeh , Armita Shahlaee

Protein dynamics play a crucial role in protein biological functions and properties, and their traditional study typically relies on time-consuming molecular dynamics (MD) simulations conducted in silico. Recent advances in generative…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-02 Jiarui Lu , Xiaoyin Chen , Stephen Zhewen Lu , Aurélie Lozano , Vijil Chenthamarakshan , Payel Das , Jian Tang

Protein function does not solely depend on structure but often relies on dynamical transitions between distinct conformations. Despite this fact, our ability to characterize or predict protein dynamics is substantially less developed…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-08 Michael A. Sauer , Souvik Mondal , Brandon Neff , Sthitadhi Maiti , Matthias Heyden

Accurate exploration of protein conformational ensembles is essential for uncovering function but remains hard because molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations suffer from high computational costs and energy-barrier trapping. This paper presents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yuancheng Sun , Yuxuan Ren , Zhaoming Chen , Xu Han , Kang Liu , Qiwei Ye

The inverse design of metasurfaces faces inherent challenges due to the nonlinear and highly complex relationship between geometric configurations and their electromagnetic behavior. Traditional optimization approaches often suffer from…

Score-based diffusion models generate samples from a complex underlying data distribution by time-reversal of a diffusion process and represent the state-of-the-art in many generative AI applications. Here, I show how a generative diffusion…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-03 Adrian Baule

Diffusion model-based approaches have shown promise in data-driven planning, but there are no safety guarantees, thus making it hard to be applied for safety-critical applications. To address these challenges, we propose a new method,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Wei Xiao , Tsun-Hsuan Wang , Chuang Gan , Daniela Rus

The practical performance of generative diffusion models depends on the appropriate choice of the noise scheduling function, which can also be equivalently expressed as a time reparameterization. In this paper, we present a time scheduler…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Dejan Stancevic , Florian Handke , Luca Ambrogioni

Integrative modeling of macromolecular assemblies allows for structural characterization of large assemblies that are recalcitrant to direct experimental observation. A Bayesian inference approach facilitates combining data from…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-13 Shreyas Arvindekar , Kartik Majila , Shruthi Viswanath

Protein inference plays a vital role in the proteomics study. Two major approaches could be used to handle the problem of protein inference; top-down and bottom-up. This paper presents a framework for protein inference, which uses hardware…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2014-03-07 S. M. Vidanagamachchi , S. D. Dewasurendra , R. G. Ragel

Efficient sampling from the Boltzmann distribution given its energy function is a key challenge for modeling complex physical systems such as molecules. Boltzmann Generators address this problem by leveraging continuous normalizing flows to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Rishal Aggarwal , Jacky Chen , Nicholas M. Boffi , David Ryan Koes

Conformational fluctuations are believed to play an important role in the process by which transcription factor proteins locate and bind their target site on the genome of a bacterium. Using a simple model, we show that the binding time can…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-07-22 Longhua Hu , Alexander Y. Grosberg , Robijn Bruinsma