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Significant progress has been achieved on the improvement and downstream usages of the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) vision-language model, while less attention is paid to the interpretation of CLIP. We propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Chenyang Zhao , Kun Wang , Janet H. Hsiao , Antoni B. Chan

Image captioning remains a fundamental task for vision language understanding, yet ground-truth supervision still relies predominantly on human-annotated references. Because human annotations reflect subjective preferences and expertise,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zhijiang Tang , Linhua Wang , Jiaxin Qi , Weihao Jiang , Peng Hou , Anxiang Zeng , Jianqiang Huang

This paper describes our zero-shot approaches for the Visual Word Sense Disambiguation (VWSD) Task in English. Our preliminary study shows that the simple approach of matching candidate images with the phrase using CLIP suffers from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Jie S. Li , Yow-Ting Shiue , Yong-Siang Shih , Jonas Geiping

Advances in multimodal text-image models have enabled effective text-based querying in extensive image collections. While these models show convincing performance for everyday life scenes, querying in highly homogeneous, specialized domains…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Bastian Jäckl , Vojtěch Kloda , Daniel A. Keim , Jakub Lokoč

Unsupervised clustering aims at discovering the semantic categories of data according to some distance measured in the representation space. However, different categories often overlap with each other in the representation space at the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Dejiao Zhang , Feng Nan , Xiaokai Wei , Shangwen Li , Henghui Zhu , Kathleen McKeown , Ramesh Nallapati , Andrew Arnold , Bing Xiang

Image captioning aims at generating descriptive and meaningful textual descriptions of images, enabling a broad range of vision-language applications. Prior works have demonstrated that harnessing the power of Contrastive Image Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Longtian Qiu , Shan Ning , Xuming He

Pseudo-Labeling has emerged as a simple yet effective technique for semi-supervised object detection (SSOD). However, the inevitable noise problem in pseudo-labels significantly degrades the performance of SSOD methods. Recent advances…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Yulin He , Wei Chen , Ke Liang , Yusong Tan , Zhengfa Liang , Yulan Guo

We present RECLIP (Resource-efficient CLIP), a simple method that minimizes computational resource footprint for CLIP (Contrastive Language Image Pretraining). Inspired by the notion of coarse-to-fine in computer vision, we leverage small…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Runze Li , Dahun Kim , Bir Bhanu , Weicheng Kuo

The ability to judge whether a caption correctly describes an image is a critical part of vision-language understanding. However, state-of-the-art models often misinterpret the correctness of fine-grained details, leading to errors in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Suzanne Petryk , Spencer Whitehead , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Trevor Darrell , Anna Rohrbach , Marcus Rohrbach

In the field of vision-language contrastive learning, models such as CLIP capitalize on matched image-caption pairs as positive examples and leverage within-batch non-matching pairs as negatives. This approach has led to remarkable outcomes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Maxwell Aladago , Lorenzo Torresani , Soroush Vosoughi

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) has demonstrated great zero-shot performance for matching images and text. However, it is still challenging to adapt vision-lanaguage pretrained models like CLIP to compositional image and text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Kenan Jiang , Xuehai He , Ruize Xu , Xin Eric Wang

Large-scale multi-modal contrastive pre-training has demonstrated great utility to learn transferable features for a range of downstream tasks by mapping multiple modalities into a shared embedding space. Typically, this has employed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Haoxuan You , Luowei Zhou , Bin Xiao , Noel Codella , Yu Cheng , Ruochen Xu , Shih-Fu Chang , Lu Yuan

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) on large image-caption datasets has achieved remarkable success in zero-shot classification and enabled transferability to new domains. However, CLIP is extremely more vulnerable to targeted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Wenhan Yang , Jingdong Gao , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Contrastive vision-language models like CLIP have achieved impressive results in image-text retrieval by aligning image and text representations in a shared embedding space. However, these models often treat text as flat sequences, limiting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ruijia Wu , Ping Chen , Fei Shen , Shaoan Zhao , Qiang Hui , Huanlin Gao , Ting Lu , Zhaoxiang Liu , Fang Zhao , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian

Despite the success of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP in aligning vision and language, their proficiency in detailed, fine-grained visual comprehension remains a key challenge. We present CLIP-IN, a novel framework that bolsters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ziteng Wang , Siqi Yang , Limeng Qiao , Lin Ma

This paper studies co-segmenting the common semantic object in a set of images. Existing works either rely on carefully engineered networks to mine the implicit semantic information in visual features or require extra data (i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Xin Duan , Yan Yang , Liyuan Pan , Xiabi Liu

Computer vision datasets frequently contain spurious correlations between task-relevant labels and (easy to learn) latent task-irrelevant attributes (e.g. context). Models trained on such datasets learn "shortcuts" and underperform on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Sriram Yenamandra , Pratik Ramesh , Viraj Prabhu , Judy Hoffman

Recent studies have shown that CLIP has achieved remarkable success in performing zero-shot inference while its fine-tuning performance is not satisfactory. In this paper, we identify that fine-tuning performance is significantly impacted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Xiaoyi Dong , Jianmin Bao , Ting Zhang , Dongdong Chen , Shuyang Gu , Weiming Zhang , Lu Yuan , Dong Chen , Fang Wen , Nenghai Yu

Image-text contrastive learning models such as CLIP have demonstrated strong task transfer ability. The high generality and usability of these visual models is achieved via a web-scale data collection process to ensure broad concept…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Haotian Liu , Kilho Son , Jianwei Yang , Ce Liu , Jianfeng Gao , Yong Jae Lee , Chunyuan Li

Pseudo-label-based semi-supervised learning (SSL) has achieved great success on raw data utilization. However, its training procedure suffers from confirmation bias due to the noise contained in self-generated artificial labels. Moreover,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Fan Yang , Kai Wu , Shuyi Zhang , Guannan Jiang , Yong Liu , Feng Zheng , Wei Zhang , Chengjie Wang , Long Zeng
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