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We present a hierarchical, control theory inspired method for variational inference (VI) for neural stochastic differential equations (SDEs). While VI for neural SDEs is a promising avenue for uncertainty-aware reasoning in time-series, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Rembert Daems , Manfred Opper , Guillaume Crevecoeur , Tolga Birdal

In this paper we consider Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with a smooth activation function as surrogates for high-dimensional functions that are somewhat smooth but costly to evaluate. We consider the standard (non-periodic) DNNs as well as…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Alexander Keller , Frances Y. Kuo , Dirk Nuyens , Ian H. Sloan

Learning reliably safe autonomous control is one of the core problems in trustworthy autonomy. However, training a controller that can be formally verified to be safe remains a major challenge. We introduce a novel approach for learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Junlin Wu , Huan Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Neural ODEs (NODEs) are continuous-time neural networks (NNs) that can process data without the limitation of time intervals. They have advantages in learning and understanding the evolution of complex real dynamics. Many previous works…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Wenjie Mei , Dongzhe Zheng , Shihua Li

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where an attacker manipulates a small portion of the training data to implant hidden backdoors into the model. The compromised model behaves normally on clean samples but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Ting Qiao , Yingjia Wang , Xing Liu , Sixing Wu , Jianbin Li , Yiming Li

A robustness certificate is the minimum distance of a given input to the decision boundary of the classifier (or its lower bound). For {\it any} input perturbations with a magnitude smaller than the certificate value, the classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Sahil Singla , Soheil Feizi

Context: Neural Network (NN) algorithms have been successfully adopted in a number of Safety-Critical Cyber-Physical Systems (SCCPSs). Testing and Verification (T&V) of NN-based control software in safety-critical domains are gaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Jin Zhang , Jingyue Li

Machine learning techniques often lack formal correctness guarantees, evidenced by the widespread adversarial examples that plague most deep-learning applications. This lack of formal guarantees resulted in several research efforts that aim…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Anahita Baninajjar , Ahmed Rezine , Amir Aminifar

Barrier certificates, serving as differential invariants that witness system safety, play a crucial role in the verification of cyber-physical systems (CPS). Prevailing computational methods for synthesizing barrier certificates are based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-10 Hao Wu , Shenghua Feng , Ting Gan , Jie Wang , Bican Xia , Naijun Zhan

The rapid growth of deep learning applications in real life is accompanied by severe safety concerns. To mitigate this uneasy phenomenon, much research has been done providing reliable evaluations of the fragility level in different deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Zhaoyang Lyu , Ching-Yun Ko , Zhifeng Kong , Ngai Wong , Dahua Lin , Luca Daniel

Despite the promise of scientific machine learning (SciML) in combining data-driven techniques with mechanistic modeling, existing approaches for incorporating hard constraints in neural differential equations (NDEs) face significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Avik Pal , Alan Edelman , Christopher Rackauckas

Problems of segmentation, denoising, registration and 3D reconstruction are often addressed with the graph cut algorithm. However, solving an unconstrained graph cut problem is NP-hard. For tractable optimization, pairwise potentials have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Maxim Berman , Matthew B. Blaschko

Neural networks (NN) perform well in diverse tasks, but sometimes produce nonsensical results to humans. Most NN models "solely" learn from (input, output) pairs, occasionally conflicting with human knowledge. Many studies indicate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Mooho Song , Jay-Yoon Lee

Deep neural networks can be trained to be efficient and effective controllers for dynamical systems; however, the mechanics of deep neural networks are complex and difficult to guarantee. This work presents a general approach for providing…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Kyle D. Julian , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Deep learning methods have demonstrated significant potential for addressing complex nonlinear control problems. For real-world safety-critical tasks, however, it is crucial to provide formal stability guarantees for the designed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Han Wang , Keyan Miao , Diego Madeira , Antonis Papachristodoulou

This paper presents a theoretical analysis and practical evaluation of the main bottlenecks towards a scalable distributed solution for the training of Deep Neuronal Networks (DNNs). The presented results show, that the current state of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Janis Keuper , Franz-Josef Pfreundt

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has gained prominence as an effective approach for control systems. However, its practical deployment is impeded by state perturbations that can severely impact system performance. Addressing this critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Dapeng Zhi , Peixin Wang , Cheng Chen , Min Zhang

While neural networks have achieved high accuracy on standard image classification benchmarks, their accuracy drops to nearly zero in the presence of small adversarial perturbations to test inputs. Defenses based on regularization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Aditi Raghunathan , Jacob Steinhardt , Percy Liang

This report presents a neurosymbolic framework for safety verification and control synthesis in high-dimensional monotone dynamical systems without relying on explicit models or conservative Lipschitz bounds. The approach combines the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Saber Jafarpour , Alireza Nadali , Ashutosh Trivedi , Majid Zamani

This paper aims to enhance the computational efficiency of safety verification of neural network control systems by developing a guaranteed neural network model reduction method. First, a concept of model reduction precision is proposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Weiming Xiang , Zhongzhu Shao