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Repeated sampling is a standard way to spend test-time compute, but its benefit is controlled by the latent distribution of correctness across examples, not by one-call accuracy alone. We study the binary correctness layer of repeated LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yi Liu

Strong isolation guarantees, such as serializability and snapshot isolation, are essential for maintaining data consistency and integrity in modern databases. Verifying whether a database upholds its claimed guarantees is increasingly…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zhiheng Cai , Si Liu , Hengfeng Wei , Yuxing Chen , Anqun Pan

Low-complexity improved-throughput generalised spatial modulation (LCIT-GSM) is proposed. More explicitly, in GSM, extra information bits are conveyed implicitly by activating a fixed number $N_{a}$ out of $N_{t}$ transmit antennas (TAs) at…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Jiancheng An , Chao Xu , Yusha Liu , Lu Gan , Lajos Hanzo

Most existing secure neural network inference protocols based on secure multi-party computation (MPC) typically support at most four participants, demonstrating severely limited scalability. Liu et al. (USENIX Security'24) presented the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Qinghui Zhang , Xiaojun Chen , Yansong Zhang , Xudong Chen

Streaming interactive proofs (SIPs) are a framework to reason about outsourced computation, where a data owner (the verifier) outsources a computation to the cloud (the prover), but wishes to verify the correctness of the solution provided…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-09-21 Samira Daruki , Justin Thaler , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

When large AI models are deployed as cloud-based services, clients have no guarantee that responses are correct or were produced by the intended model. Rerunning inference locally is infeasible for large models, and existing cryptographic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Pranay Anchuri , Matteo Campanelli , Paul Cesaretti , Rosario Gennaro , Tushar M. Jois , Hasan S. Kayman , Tugce Ozdemir

Secure multiparty computation enables the joint evaluation of multivariate functions across distributed users while ensuring the privacy of their local inputs. This field has become increasingly urgent due to the exploding demand for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-07 Kfir Sulimany , Sri Krishna Vadlamani , Ryan Hamerly , Prahlad Iyengar , Dirk Englund

Synchronous Mirroring (SM) is a standard approach to building highly-available and fault-tolerant enterprise storage systems. SM ensures strong data consistency by maintaining multiple exact data replicas and synchronously propagating every…

Multi-scalar multiplication (MSM) is crucial in cryptographic applications and computationally intensive in zero-knowledge proofs. MSM involves accumulating the products of scalars and points on an elliptic curve over a 377-bit modulus, and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ayumi Ohno , Kotaro Shimamura , Shinya Takamaeda-Yamazaki

We present a composably secure protocol allowing $n$ parties to test an entanglement generation resource controlled by a possibly dishonest party. The test consists only in local quantum operations and authenticated classical communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-26 Raja Yehia , Eleni Diamanti , Iordanis Kerenidis

Multiparty session types (MSTs) are a type-based approach to verifying communication protocols, represented as global types in the framework. We present a precise subtyping relation for asynchronous MSTs with communicating state machines…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Elaine Li , Felix Stutz , Thomas Wies

Spatial modulation (SM) is a promising multiple-input multiple-output system used to increase spectral efficiency. The maximum likelihood (ML) decoder jointly detects the transmitted SM symbol, which is of high complexity. In this paper, a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Ibrahim Al-Nahhal , Octavia A. Dobre , Salama Ikki

We propose an efficient framework for enabling secure multi-party numerical computations in a Peer-to-Peer network. This problem arises in a range of applications such as collaborative filtering, distributed computation of trust and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-05-04 Danny Bickson , Tzachy Reinman , Danny Dolev , Benny Pinkas

In the evolving landscape of 5G and 6G networks, the demands extend beyond high data rates, ultra-low latency, and extensive coverage, increasingly emphasizing the need for reliability. This paper proposes an ultra-reliable multiple-input…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-20 Pedro Benevenuto Valadares , Jonathan Aguiar Soares , Kayol Mayer , Dalton Soares Arantes

This work focuses on effectively generating diverse solutions for satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) formulas, targeting the theories of bit-vectors, arrays, and uninterpreted functions, which is a critical task in software and hardware…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Shuangyu Lyu , Chuan Luo , Ruizhi Shi , Wei Wu , Chanjuan Liu , Chunming Hu

In secure multi-party computations (SMC), parties wish to compute a function on their private data without revealing more information about their data than what the function reveals. In this paper, we investigate two Shannon-type questions…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Eun Jee Lee , Emmanuel Abbe

This paper proposes using a method named Double Score Matching (DSM) to do mass-imputation and presents an application to make inferences with a nonprobability sample. DSM is a $k$-Nearest Neighbors algorithm that uses two balance scores…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-19 Ali Furkan Kalay

ML-as-a-service continues to grow, and so does the need for very strong privacy guarantees. Secure inference has emerged as a potential solution, wherein cryptographic primitives allow inference without revealing users' inputs to a model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Vinod Ganesan , Anwesh Bhattacharya , Pratyush Kumar , Divya Gupta , Rahul Sharma , Nishanth Chandran

The emergence of ChatGPT marks the arrival of the large language model (LLM) era. While LLMs demonstrate their power in a variety of fields, they also raise serious privacy concerns as the users' queries are sent to the model provider. On…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Fei Zheng , Chaochao Chen , Zhongxuan Han , Xiaolin Zheng

In this paper, we design secure multi-party computation (MPC) protocols in the asynchronous communication setting with optimal resilience. Our protocols are secure against a computationally-unbounded malicious adversary, characterized by an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Ananya Appan , Anirudh Chandramouli , Ashish Choudhury