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Higher-order networks, naturally described as hypergraphs, are essential for modeling real-world systems involving interactions among three or more entities. Stochastic block models offer a principled framework for characterizing mesoscale…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Kazuki Nakajima , Yuya Sasaki , Takeaki Uno , Masaki Aida

Complex networks are made up of vertices and edges. The edges, which may be directed or undirected, are equipped with positive weights. Modeling complex systems that consist of different types of objects leads to multilayer networks, in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Silvia Noschese , Lothar Reichel

A cocomparability graph is a graph whose complement admits a transitive orientation. An interval graph is the intersection graph of a family of intervals on the real line. In this paper we investigate the relationships between interval and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Jérémie Dusart , Michel Habib , Derek G. Corneil

In this paper we propose an approach to implement specific relation-ship set between two entities called combinatorial relationship set. For the combinatorial relationship set B between entity sets G and I the mapping cardinality is…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Savo Tomovic

Inspired by notorious combinatorial optimization problems on graphs, in this paper we consider a series of related problems defined using a metric space and topology determined by a graph. Particularly, we present the Independent Set,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Alexander Grigoriev , Katherine Faulkner

The dynamics of large complex systems are predominately modeled through pairwise interactions, the principle underlying structure being a network of the form of a digraph or quiver. Significant success has been obtained in applying the…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Matthew Burfitt , Jie Wu , Stephen S. -T. Yau , Shing-Tung Yau

Complex systems frequently exhibit multi-way, rather than pairwise, interactions. These group interactions cannot be faithfully modeled as collections of pairwise interactions using graphs and instead require hypergraphs. However, methods…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Jason Niu , Ilya D. Amburg , Sinan G. Aksoy , Ahmet Erdem Sarıyüce

Hypergraphs provide a powerful framework for modeling complex systems and networks with higher-order interactions beyond simple pairwise relationships. However, graph-based clustering approaches, which focus primarily on pairwise relations,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Giuseppe F. Italiano , Athanasios L. Konstantinidis , Anna Mpanti , Fariba Ranjbar

The interactions between individuals play a pivotal role in shaping the structure and dynamics of social systems. Complex network models have proven invaluable in uncovering the underlying mechanisms that govern the formation and evolution…

Recent evidence indicates that the abundance of recurring elementary interaction patterns in complex networks, often called subgraphs or motifs, carry significant information about their function and overall organization. Yet, the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Vazquez , R. Dobrin , D. Sergi , J. -P. Eckmann , Z. N. Oltvai , A. -L. Barabasi

There is increasing focus on analyzing data represented as hypergraphs, which are better able to express complex relationships amongst entities than are graphs. Much of the critical information about hypergraph structure is available only…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Michael G. Rawson , Audun Myers , Robert Green , Michael Robinson , Cliff Joslyn

Complex systems are difficult to study not only because they are nonlinear, multiscale, and often nonstationary, but because their scientifically relevant organization is often invisible at the level of individual components, pairwise…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-30 Mark M. Bailey

In functionally complex systems, higher-order connectivity is often revealed in the underlying geometry of networked units. Furthermore, such systems often show signatures of self-organized criticality, a specific type of non-equilibrium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-11 Bosiljka Tadic , Roderick Melnik

A formalism for the study of highly interacting electronic systems is presented. The proposed scheme is based on two key concepts: composite operators and algebra constraints. Composite field operators, that naturally appear as a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-10 Ferdinando Mancini

Complex systems are characterized by nonlinear dynamics, multi-level interactions, and emergent collective behaviors. Traditional analyses that focus solely on pairwise interactions often oversimplify these systems, neglecting the…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Laouen Belloli , Pedro Mediano , Rodrigo Cofré , Diego Fernandez Slezak , Rubén Herzog

We study the complexity of a classic problem in computational topology, the homology problem: given a description of some space $X$ and an integer $k$, decide if $X$ contains a $k$-dimensional hole. The setting and statement of the homology…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Robbie King , Tamara Kohler

We outline a novel clustering scheme for simplicial complexes that produces clusters of simplices in a way that is sensitive to the homology of the complex. The method is inspired by, and can be seen as a higher-dimensional version of,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Stefania Ebli , Gard Spreemann

Heteroclinic structures organize global features of dynamical systems. We analyze whether heteroclinic structures can arise in network dynamics with higher-order interactions which describe the nonlinear interactions between three or more…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-02-27 Christian Bick , Sören von der Gracht

Multivector fields provide an avenue for studying continuous dynamical systems in a combinatorial framework. There are currently two approaches in the literature which use persistent homology to capture changes in combinatorial dynamical…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Tamal K. Dey , Marian Mrozek , Ryan Slechta

Numerous networked systems feature a structure of nontrivial communities, which often correspond to their functional modules. Such communities have been detected in real-world biological, social and technological systems, as well as in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-07-08 Charo I. del Genio