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Software engineers are increasingly adding semantic search capabilities to applications using a strategy known as Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG). A RAG system involves finding documents that semantically match a query and then passing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Scott Barnett , Stefanus Kurniawan , Srikanth Thudumu , Zach Brannelly , Mohamed Abdelrazek

Financial document question answering (QA) demands complex multi-step numerical reasoning over heterogeneous evidence--structured tables, textual narratives, and footnotes--scattered across corporate filings. Existing retrieval-augmented…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yang Shu , Yingmin Liu , Zequn Xie

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems typically treat documents as flat text, ignoring the structured metadata and linked relationships that knowledge graphs provide. In this paper, we investigate whether structured linked data,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Andrea Volpini , Elie Raad , Beatrice Gamba , David Riccitelli

The retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enables retrieval of relevant information from an external knowledge source and allows large language models (LLMs) to answer queries over previously unseen document collections. However, it was…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Mykhailo Poliakov , Nadiya Shvai

Increasingly, attorneys are interested in moving beyond keyword and semantic search to improve the efficiency of how they find key information during a document review task. Large language models (LLMs) are now seen as tools that attorneys…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Qiang Mao , Han Qin , Robert Neary , Charles Wang , Fusheng Wei , Jianping Zhang , Nathaniel Huber-Fliflet

Technical troubleshooting in enterprise environments often involves navigating diverse, heterogeneous data sources to resolve complex issues effectively. This paper presents a novel agentic AI solution built on a Weighted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Rajat Khanda

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers a promising solution to address various limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as hallucination and difficulties in keeping up with real-time updates. This approach is particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Shuting Wang , Jiongnan Liu , Shiren Song , Jiehan Cheng , Yuqi Fu , Peidong Guo , Kun Fang , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou

A Comparison of Independent and Joint Fine-tuning Strategies for Retrieval-Augmented Generation Download PDF Neal Gregory Lawton, Alfy Samuel, Anoop Kumar, Daben Liu Published: 20 Aug 2025, Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) is a popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Neal Gregory Lawton , Alfy Samuel , Anoop Kumar , Daben Liu

Multi-modal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a critical method for empowering LLMs by leveraging candidate visual documents. However, current methods consider the entire document as the basic retrieval unit, introducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yinglu Li , Zhiying Lu , Zhihang Liu , Yiwei Sun , Chuanbin Liu , Hongtao Xie

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has advanced significantly in recent years. The complexity of RAG systems, which involve multiple components-such as indexing, retrieval, and generation-along with numerous other parameters, poses…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Lorenz Brehme , Thomas Ströhle , Ruth Breu

Large Language Models~(LLMs) are prone to hallucinations, and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) helps mitigate this, but at a high computational cost while risking misinformation. Adaptive retrieval aims to retrieve only when necessary,…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently emerged as a method to extend beyond the pre-trained knowledge of Large Language Models by augmenting the original prompt with relevant passages or documents retrieved by an Information…

The growing demand for efficient and lightweight Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems has highlighted significant challenges when deploying Small Language Models (SLMs) in existing RAG frameworks. Current approaches face severe…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Tianyu Fan , Jingyuan Wang , Xubin Ren , Chao Huang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves the accuracy and relevance of large language model outputs by incorporating knowledge retrieval. However, implementing RAG in enterprises poses challenges around data security, accuracy,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Tilmann Bruckhaus

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) represents a significant advancement in artificial intelligence combining a retrieval phase with a generative phase, with the latter typically being powered by large language models (LLMs). The current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Florin Cuconasu , Giovanni Trappolini , Nicola Tonellotto , Fabrizio Silvestri

Evaluating retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) presents challenges, particularly for retrieval models within these systems. Traditional end-to-end evaluation methods are computationally expensive. Furthermore, evaluation of the retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Alireza Salemi , Hamed Zamani

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been swiftly adopted in scientific and clinical QA systems, a comprehensive evaluation benchmark in the medical domain is lacking. To address this gap, we introduce the Medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Liz Li , Wei Zhu

Open-source LLMs have shown great potential as fine-tuned chatbots, and demonstrate robust abilities in reasoning and surpass many existing benchmarks. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique for improving the performance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Sean Wu , Michael Koo , Li Yo Kao , Andy Black , Lesley Blum , Fabien Scalzo , Ira Kurtz

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a promising method for addressing some of the memory-related challenges associated with Large Language Models (LLMs). Two separate systems form the RAG pipeline, the retriever and the reader, and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Alexandria Leto , Cecilia Aguerrebere , Ishwar Bhati , Ted Willke , Mariano Tepper , Vy Ai Vo

Recent advancements in tool-equipped Agents (LLMs) have enabled complex tasks like secure database interactions and multi-agent code development. However, scaling tool capacity beyond agent reasoning or model limits remains a challenge. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Elias Lumer , Vamse Kumar Subbiah , James A. Burke , Pradeep Honaganahalli Basavaraju , Austin Huber