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Multi-speaker automatic speech recognition (ASR) aims to transcribe conversational speech involving multiple speakers, requiring the model to capture not only what was said, but also who said it and sometimes when it was spoken. Recent…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Li Li , Ming Cheng , Weixin Zhu , Yannan Wang , Juan Liu , Ming Li

Full-duplex spoken dialogue requires a model to keep listening while generating its own spoken response. This is challenging for large language models (LLMs), which are designed to extend a single coherent sequence and do not naturally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hui Lu , Xueyuan Chen , Huimeng Wang , Shuhai Peng , Shiyin Kang , Xixin Wu , Zhiyong Wu

We introduce Delayed Streams Modeling (DSM), a flexible formulation for streaming, multimodal sequence-to-sequence learning. Sequence-to-sequence generation is often cast in an offline manner, where the model consumes the complete input…

End-to-end speech-in speech-out dialogue systems are emerging as a powerful alternative to traditional ASR-LLM-TTS pipelines, generating more natural, expressive responses with significantly lower latency. However, these systems remain…

Most end-to-end (E2E) spoken dialogue systems (SDS) rely on voice activity detection (VAD) for turn-taking, but VAD fails to distinguish between pauses and turn completions. Duplex SDS models address this by predicting output continuously,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Siddhant Arora , Jinchuan Tian , Hayato Futami , Jiatong Shi , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Emiru Tsunoo , Shinji Watanabe

Multimodal language models that process both text and speech have a potential for applications in spoken dialogue systems. However, current models face two major challenges in response generation latency: (1) generating a spoken response…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Kentaro Mitsui , Koh Mitsuda , Toshiaki Wakatsuki , Yukiya Hono , Kei Sawada

Typical high quality text-to-speech (TTS) systems today use a two-stage architecture, with a spectrum model stage that generates spectral frames and a vocoder stage that generates the actual audio. High-quality spectrum models usually…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Qing He , Zhiping Xiu , Thilo Koehler , Jilong Wu

Streaming recognition of multi-talker conversations has so far been evaluated only for 2-speaker single-turn sessions. In this paper, we investigate it for multi-turn meetings containing multiple speakers using the Streaming Unmixing and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-25 Desh Raj , Liang Lu , Zhuo Chen , Yashesh Gaur , Jinyu Li

Full-duplex spoken dialogue systems (FDSDS) enable more natural human-machine interactions by allowing real-time user interruptions and backchanneling, compared to traditional SDS that rely on turn-taking. However, existing benchmarks lack…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-28 Yizhou Peng , Yi-Wen Chao , Dianwen Ng , Yukun Ma , Chongjia Ni , Bin Ma , Eng Siong Chng

Most research on task oriented dialog modeling is based on written text input. However, users interact with practical dialog systems often using speech as input. Typically, systems convert speech into text using an Automatic Speech…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Hagen Soltau , Izhak Shafran , Mingqiu Wang , Abhinav Rastogi , Jeffrey Zhao , Ye Jia , Wei Han , Yuan Cao , Aramys Miranda

Text-to-Speech (TTS) models have advanced significantly, aiming to accurately replicate human speech's diversity, including unique speaker identities and linguistic nuances. Despite these advancements, achieving an optimal balance between…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-28 Jinhyeok Yang , Junhyeok Lee , Hyeong-Seok Choi , Seunghun Ji , Hyeongju Kim , Juheon Lee

Although the deep integration of the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system with Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly improved accuracy, the deployment of such systems in low-latency streaming scenarios remains challenging. In…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yinfeng Xia , Jian Tang , Junfeng Hou , Gaopeng Xu , Haitao Yao

Dysarthric speech reconstruction (DSR) aims to convert dysarthric speech into comprehensible speech while maintaining the speaker's identity. Despite significant advancements, existing methods often struggle with low speech intelligibility…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xueyuan Chen , Dongchao Yang , Wenxuan Wu , Minglin Wu , Jing Xu , Xixin Wu , Zhiyong Wu , Helen Meng

This paper summarizes our submission to Task 2 of the second track of the 10th Dialog System Technology Challenge (DSTC10) "Knowledge-grounded Task-oriented Dialogue Modeling on Spoken Conversations". Similar to the previous year's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-17 David Thulke , Nico Daheim , Christian Dugast , Hermann Ney

Streaming voice conversion has become increasingly popular for its potential in real-time applications. The recently proposed DualVC 2 has achieved robust and high-quality streaming voice conversion with a latency of about 180ms.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-13 Ziqian Ning , Shuai Wang , Pengcheng Zhu , Zhichao Wang , Jixun Yao , Lei Xie , Mengxiao Bi

The task of joint dialog sentiment classification (DSC) and act recognition (DAR) aims to simultaneously predict the sentiment label and act label for each utterance in a dialog. In this paper, we put forward a new framework which models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Bowen Xing , Ivor W. Tsang

During conversational interactions, humans subconsciously engage in concurrent thinking while listening to a speaker. Although this internal cognitive processing may not always manifest as explicit linguistic structures, it is instrumental…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-21 Donghang Wu , Tianyu Zhang , Yuxin Li , Hexin Liu , Chen Chen , Eng Siong Chng , Yoshua Bengio

While modern Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems achieve high fidelity for read-style speech, they struggle to generate Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR), a specialized, low-intensity speech style essential for relaxation. The inherent…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Leying Zhang , Tingxiao Zhou , Haiyang Sun , Mengxiao Bi , Yanmin Qian

The Speaker Diarization and Recognition (SDR) task aims to predict "who spoke when and what" within an audio clip, which is a crucial task in various real-world multi-speaker scenarios such as meeting transcription and dialogue systems.…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Han Yin , Yafeng Chen , Chong Deng , Luyao Cheng , Hui Wang , Chao-Hong Tan , Qian Chen , Wen Wang , Xiangang Li

Current speech language models generate responses directly without explicit reasoning, leading to errors that cannot be corrected once audio is produced. We introduce \textbf{``Silent Thought, Spoken Answer''} -- a paradigm where speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yuxuan Lou , Ziming Wu , Yaochen Wang , Yong Liu , Yingxuan Ren , Fuming Lai , Shaobing Lian , Jie Tang , Yang You