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Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved great success in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks under the pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm. With large quantities of parameters, PLMs are computation-intensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Runxin Xu , Fuli Luo , Chengyu Wang , Baobao Chang , Jun Huang , Songfang Huang , Fei Huang

Continual learning (CL) has remained a significant challenge for deep neural networks as learning new tasks erases previously acquired knowledge, either partially or completely. Existing solutions often rely on experience rehearsal or full…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Prashant Bhat , Laurens Niesten , Elahe Arani , Bahram Zonooz

The rapid scaling of large language models~(LLMs) has made inference efficiency a primary bottleneck in the practical deployment. To address this, semi-structured sparsity offers a promising solution by strategically retaining $N$ elements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yan Sun , Qixin Zhang , Zhiyuan Yu , Xikun Zhang , Li Shen , Dacheng Tao

In this paper we consider the problem of recovering a high dimensional data matrix from a set of incomplete and noisy linear measurements. We introduce a new model that can efficiently restrict the degrees of freedom of the problem and is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-11-22 Mohammad Golbabaee , Pierre Vandergheynst

In this study, we address the challenge of low-rank model compression in the context of in-memory computing (IMC) architectures. Traditional pruning approaches, while effective in model size reduction, necessitate additional peripheral…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Kang Eun Jeon , Johnny Rhe , Jong Hwan Ko

While Hybrid Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) followed by Reinforcement Learning (RL) has become the standard paradigm for training LLM agents, effective mechanisms for data allocation between these stages remain largely underexplored. Current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yang Zhao , Yangou Ouyang , Xiao Ding , Hepeng Wang , Bibo Cai , Kai Xiong , Jinglong Gao , Zhouhao Sun , Li Du , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

We demonstrate that a deep model can be reparametrized as a linear combination of several randomly initialized and frozen deep models in the weight space. During training, we seek local minima that reside within the subspace spanned by…

Due to the substantial scale of Large Language Models (LLMs), the direct application of conventional compression methodologies proves impractical. The computational demands associated with even minimal gradient updates present challenges,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Arnav Chavan , Nahush Lele , Deepak Gupta

Large-scale deep neural networks (DNN) exhibit excellent performance for various tasks. As DNNs and datasets grow, distributed training becomes extremely time-consuming and demands larger clusters. A main bottleneck is the resulting…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yisu Wang , Ruilong Wu , Xinjiao Li , Dirk Kutscher

The Multi-Head Attention mechanism is central to LLM operation, and multiple works target its compute and memory efficiency during training. While most works focus on approximating the scaled dot product, the memory consumption of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Malik Khalaf , Yara Shamshoum , Nitzan Hodos , Yuval Sieradzki , Assaf Schuster

DRAM scaling has exacerbated the RowHammer vulnerability. To counter this, JEDEC recently introduced Per Row Activation Counting (PRAC) with the Alert Back-Off protocol as an optional DDR5 feature. While promising, PRAC requires per-row…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jeonghyun Woo , Junsu Kim , Aamer Jaleel , Prashant J. Nair

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress, demonstrating unprecedented capabilities across various natural language processing tasks. However, the high costs associated with such exceptional performance limit the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Lizhe Chen , Binjia Zhou , Yuyao Ge , Jiayi Chen , Shiguang NI

Learning-based lossless compressors play a crucial role in large-scale genomic database backup, storage, transmission, and management. However, their 1) inadequate compression ratio, 2) low compression \& decompression throughput, and 3)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Hui Sun , Yanfeng Ding , Liping Yi , Huidong Ma , Gang Wang , Xiaoguang Liu , Cheng Zhong , Wentong Cai

Training convolutional neural network models is memory intensive since back-propagation requires storing activations of all intermediate layers. This presents a practical concern when seeking to deploy very deep architectures in production,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Ayan Chakrabarti , Benjamin Moseley

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enabled their successful application to a broad range of tasks. However, in information-intensive tasks, the prompt length can grow fast, leading to increased computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Weronika Łajewska , Momchil Hardalov , Laura Aina , Neha Anna John , Hang Su , Lluís Màrquez

While design of high performance lenses and image sensors has long been the focus of camera development, the size, weight and power of image data processing components is currently the primary barrier to radical improvements in camera…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-30 Xuefei Yan , David J. Brady , Jianqiang Wang , Chao Huang , Zian Li , Songsong Yan , Di Liu , Zhan Ma

Recursive architectures such as Tiny Recursive Models (TRMs) perform implicit reasoning through iterative latent computation, yet the geometric structure of these reasoning trajectories remains poorly understood. We investigate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ege Çakar , Ketan Ali Raghu , Lia Zheng

To effectively perform the task of next-word prediction, long short-term memory networks (LSTMs) must keep track of many types of information. Some information is directly related to the next word's identity, but some is more secondary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Qingfeng Lan , Luke Kumar , Martha White , Alona Fyshe

Adapting large pre-trained language models to downstream tasks often entails fine-tuning millions of parameters or deploying costly dense weight updates, which hinders their use in resource-constrained environments. Low-rank Adaptation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Longteng Zhang , Sen Wu , Shuai Hou , Zhengyu Qing , Zhuo Zheng , Danning Ke , Qihong Lin , Qiang Wang , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu

We consider the problem of low-rank approximation of massive dense non-negative tensor data, for example to discover latent patterns in video and imaging applications. As the size of data sets grows, single workstations are hitting…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Srinivas Eswar , Koby Hayashi , Grey Ballard , Ramakrishnan Kannan , Michael A. Matheson , Haesun Park