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In this paper we give a first set of communication lower bounds for distributed clustering problems, in particular, for k-center, k-median and k-means. When the input is distributed across a large number of machines and the number of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-02-03 Qin Zhang

In this work, we study the $k$-median and $k$-means clustering problems when the data is distributed across many servers and can contain outliers. While there has been a lot of work on these problems for worst-case instances, we focus on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Pranjal Awasthi , Ainesh Bakshi , Maria-Florina Balcan , Colin White , David Woodruff

\textit{Clustering problems} often arise in the fields like data mining, machine learning etc. to group a collection of objects into similar groups with respect to a similarity (or dissimilarity) measure. Among the clustering problems,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-12-10 Sayan Bandyapadhyay , Kasturi Varadarajan

Clustering is a fundamental unsupervised learning approach. Many clustering algorithms -- such as $k$-means -- rely on the euclidean distance as a similarity measure, which is often not the most relevant metric for high dimensional data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Aude Genevay , Gabriel Dulac-Arnold , Jean-Philippe Vert

The k-means algorithm is a well-known method for partitioning n points that lie in the d-dimensional space into k clusters. Its main features are simplicity and speed in practice. Theoretically, however, the best known upper bound on its…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2008-12-03 Andrea Vattani

We revisit the $(f,g)$-clustering problem that we introduced in a recent work [SODA'25], and which subsumes fundamental clustering problems such as $k$-Center, $k$-Median, Min-Sum of Radii, and Min-Load $k$-Clustering. This problem assigns…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Martin G. Herold , Evangelos Kipouridis , Joachim Spoerhase

The metric $k$-median problem is a textbook clustering problem. As input, we are given a metric space $V$ of size $n$ and an integer $k$, and our task is to find a subset $S \subseteq V$ of at most $k$ `centers' that minimizes the total…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Martín Costa , Ermiya Farokhnejad

Recent years have witnessed an increasing popularity of algorithm design for distributed data, largely due to the fact that massive datasets are often collected and stored in different locations. In the distributed setting communication…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Sudipto Guha , Yi Li , Qin Zhang

Centroid based clustering methods such as k-means, k-medoids and k-centers are heavily applied as a go-to tool in exploratory data analysis. In many cases, those methods are used to obtain representative centroids of the data manifold for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Ahmed Imtiaz Humayun , Randall Balestriero , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Richard Baraniuk

Clustering is a fundamental problem in unsupervised learning, and has been studied widely both as a problem of learning mixture models and as an optimization problem. In this paper, we study clustering with respect the emph{k-median}…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-01-07 Ramgopal Mettu , Greg Plaxton

The connected $k$-median problem is a constrained clustering problem that combines distance-based $k$-clustering with connectivity information. The problem allows to input a metric space and an unweighted undirected connectivity graph that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Jan Eube , Kelin Luo , Dorian Reineccius , Heiko Röglin , Melanie Schmidt

We show how to approximate a data matrix $\mathbf{A}$ with a much smaller sketch $\mathbf{\tilde A}$ that can be used to solve a general class of constrained k-rank approximation problems to within $(1+\epsilon)$ error. Importantly, this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-06 Michael B. Cohen , Sam Elder , Cameron Musco , Christopher Musco , Madalina Persu

The k-means clustering algorithm is a popular algorithm that partitions data into k clusters. There are many improvements to accelerate the standard algorithm. Most current research employs upper and lower bounds on point-to-cluster…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Andreas Lang , Erich Schubert

Center-based clustering is a fundamental primitive for data analysis and becomes very challenging for large datasets. In this paper, we focus on the popular $k$-median and $k$-means variants which, given a set $P$ of points from a metric…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Alessio Mazzetto , Andrea Pietracaprina , Geppino Pucci

Clustering is a fundamental problem in unsupervised machine learning with many applications in data analysis. Popular clustering algorithms such as Lloyd's algorithm and $k$-means++ can take $\Omega(ndk)$ time when clustering $n$ points in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Moses Charikar , Monika Henzinger , Lunjia Hu , Maxmilian Vötsch , Erik Waingarten

We consider the $k$-means clustering problem in the dynamic streaming setting, where points from a discrete Euclidean space $\{1, 2, \ldots, \Delta\}^d$ can be dynamically inserted to or deleted from the dataset. For this problem, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Wei Hu , Zhao Song , Lin F. Yang , Peilin Zhong

In the standard planar $k$-center clustering problem, one is given a set $P$ of $n$ points in the plane, and the goal is to select $k$ center points, so as to minimize the maximum distance over points in $P$ to their nearest center. Here we…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Hongyao Huang , Georgiy Klimenko , Benjamin Raichel

A basic problem in spectral clustering is the following. If a solution obtained from the spectral relaxation is close to an integral solution, is it possible to find this integral solution even though they might be in completely different…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Ali Kemal Sinop

Many clustering algorithms are guided by certain cost functions such as the widely-used $k$-means cost. These algorithms divide data points into clusters with often complicated boundaries, creating difficulties in explaining the clustering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Moses Charikar , Lunjia Hu

One fundamental goal of high-dimensional statistics is to detect or recover planted structure (such as a low-rank matrix) hidden in noisy data. A growing body of work studies low-degree polynomials as a restricted model of computation for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-22 Tselil Schramm , Alexander S. Wein