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Van der Waals stacking presents new opportunities for nonlinear optics with its remarkable tunability and scalability. However, the fundamental role of interlayer interactions in modifying the overall nonlinear optical susceptibilities…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-11 Kanchan Shaikh , Taejun Yoo , Zeyuan Zhu , Qiuyang Li , Amalya C. Johnson , Hui Deng , Fang Liu , Yuki Kobayashi

We report observation of strong and anisotropic third harmonic generation (THG) in monolayer and multilayer ReS$_2$. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of monolayer ReS$_2$, $\left| \chi^{(3)} \right|$ is on the order of…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-04-12 Qiannan Cui , Rodrigo A. Muniz , J. E. Sipe , Hui Zhao

The in-plane anisotropic properties of two-dimensional (2D) group IV monochalcogenides provide an additional degree of freedom which can be used in future optoelectronic devices. Here, it is shown that the third harmonic generation (THG)…

We report the observation of optical second harmonic generation (SHG) in single-layer indium selenide (InSe). We measure a second harmonic signal of $>10^3$ $\textrm{cts/s}$ under nonresonant excitation using a home-built confocal…

Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical effect widely used for nonlinear optical microscopy and laser frequency conversion. Closed-form analytical solution of the nonlinear optical responses is essential for…

Layered van der Waals (vdW) materials have emerged as a promising platform for nanophotonics due to large refractive indexes and giant optical anisotropy. Unlike conventional dielectrics and semiconductors, the absence of covalent bonds…

Lately the non-linear optical third harmonic generation (THG) microscopy is starting to emerge as a laboratory standard for label-free studies in biological samples. In this study, the THG signals produced from corn starch granules are…

The BiTeX family of polar van der Waals (vdW) semiconductors offers a unique platform for exploring the interplay between polar crystalline structure and nonlinear optical phenomena. Here, we utilize second harmonic generation (SHG)…

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in solids - the frequency up-conversion of an optical signal - is governed by symmetries. At terahertz (THz) frequencies, HHG is a key technology to access high frequency spectral windows that are…

Optical second harmonic generation is a second-order nonlinear process that combines two photons of a given frequency into a third photon at twice the frequency. Due to the symmetry constraints, it is widely used as a sensitive probe to…

Recent experiments and calculations in topological semimetals have observed anomalously strong second-order optical nonlinearity, but yet whether the enhancement also occurs at surfaces of topological semimetals in general remains an open…

We report the observations of unexpected layer-dependent, strong, and anisotropic second harmonic generations (SHGs) in atomically thin ReS2. Appreciable (negligible) SHGs are obtained from even (odd) numbers of ReS2 layers, which is…

Optics · Physics 2018-08-20 Yu Song , Siqi Hu , Miao-Ling Lin , Xuetao Gan , Ping-Heng Tan , Jianlin Zhao

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a powerful surface-specific probe for centrosymmetric materials, with broad relevance to energy and biological interfaces. Plasmonic nanomaterials have been extensively utilized to amplify this nonlinear…

Optical nonlinearity, especially the second harmonic generation (SHG), is generally weak in materials but has the potential to be applied in high-speed optical computers and energy-efficient artificial intelligence systems. In order to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-12-05 Junyi Shan

Second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy ubiquitously enables the investigation of surface chemistry, interfacial chemistry as well as symmetry properties in solids. Polarization-resolved SHG spectroscopy in the visible to infrared…

Titanium diselenide (TiSe$_{2}$) is a transition-metal dichalcogenide material that undergoes a charge-density-wave (CDW) transition at $T_{c}\approx 200\,\mathrm{K}$. In a recent experiment [I. Tyulnev {\it et al.}, Commun. Mater. 6, 152…

We have developed a numerical method for calculating the second harmonic generation (SHG) generated by an anisotropic material whose optical properties present an arbitrary modulation in one dimension. The method is based on the Berreman…

Optics · Physics 2023-05-31 J. Ortega , C. L. Folcia , J. Etxebarria

It is of fundamental importance but challenging to simultaneously identify atomic and magnetic configurations of two-dimensional van der Waals materials. In this work, we show that the nonreciprocal second-harmonic generation (SHG) can be a…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-07-15 Wenshen Song , Ruixiang Fei , Li Yang

We present a versatile confocal microscopy setup for optical second harmonic generation (SHG) and multi-photon spectroscopy that enables polarization-resolved studies of semiconductor bulk crystals and low-dimensional structures. The system…

Layered NbOX$_2$ ($X=\mathrm{Cl,\,Br,\,I}$), a member of the van der Waals ferroelectric family, exhibits intrinsic ferroelectricity and pronounced nonlinear optical responses, making it a promising candidate for integrated nanophotonics…

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