Related papers: Hard X-Ray Zernike-Type Phase-Contrast Imaging wit…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging enhances soft tissue visualization by leveraging the phase shift of X-rays passing through materials. It permits to minimize radiation exposure due to high contrast, as well as high resolution imaging limited by…
X-ray imaging, traditionally relying on attenuation contrast, struggles to differentiate materials with similar attenuation coefficients like soft tissues. X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI) and dark-field (DF) imaging provide enhanced…
Dark-field X-ray microscopy is a new full-field imaging technique that nondestructively maps the structure and local strain inside deeply embedded crystalline elements in three dimensions. Placing an objective lens in the diffracted beam…
We present an enhanced version of the Zernike wavefront sensor, that simultaneously measures phase and amplitude aberrations. The 'vector-Zernike' wavefront sensor consists of a patterned liquid-crystal mask, which imposes $\pm \pi/2$ phase…
The structural complexity and instability of many interference phase microscopy methods are the major obstacles toward high-precision phase measurement. In this vein, improving more efficient configurations as well as proposing new methods…
X-ray phase contrast imaging holds great promise for improving the visibility of light-element materials such as soft tissues and tumors. Single-mask differential phase contrastnimaging method stands out as a simple and effective approach…
Zernike's phase contrast microscopy (PCM) is among the most widely used techniques for observing phase objects, but it lacks quantitative nature, as it cannot directly provide phase information. Current methods for computationally…
Photonic crystal slabs are the state of the art in studies for the light confinement, optical wave modulating and guiding, as well as nonlinear optical response. Previous studies have shown abundant real-world implementations of photonic…
We describe a diffraction microscopy technique based on refractive optics to study structural variations in crystals. The X-ray beam diffracted by a crystal was magnified by beryllium parabolic refractive lenses on a 2D X-ray camera. The…
Future Extremely Large Telescopes will adopt segmented primary mirrors with several hundreds of segments. Cophasing of the segments together is essential to reach high wavefront quality. The phasing sensor must be able to maintain very high…
Manipulating free-space electron wave functions with laser fields can bring about new electron-optical elements for transmission electron microscopy. In particular, a Zernike phase plate would enable high-contrast imaging of soft matter,…
Phase invariants are important pieces of information about the atomic structures of crystals. There are several mathematical methods in X-ray crystallography to estimate phase invariants. The multi-wave diffraction phenomenon offers a…
X-ray crystallography (XC) is an experimental technique used to determine three-dimensional crystalline structures. The acquired data in XC, called diffraction patterns, is the Fourier magnitudes of the unknown crystalline structure. To…
Recent developments of imaging techniques enable researchers to visualize materials at the atomic resolution to better understand the microscopic structures of materials. This paper aims at automatic and quantitative characterization of…
Biological soft tissues encountered in clinical and pre-clinical imaging mainly consist of light element atoms, and their composition is nearly uniform with little density variation. Thus, x-ray attenuation imaging suffers from low image…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging has become indispensable for visualizing samples with low absorption contrast. In this regard, speckle-based techniques have shown significant advantages in spatial resolution, phase sensitivity, and…
When x-rays penetrate soft matter, their phase changes more rapidly than their amplitude. In- terference effects visible with high brightness sources creates higher contrast, edge enhanced images. When the object is piecewise smooth (made…
In this paper, a new phase-retrieval algorithm from an X-ray schlieren image is proposed. The schlieren method allows phase-contrast imaging with an objective lens and a knife-edge filter placed at the back focal plane of the objective.…
An algorithm for determining crystal structures from diffraction data is described which does not rely on the usual Fourier-space formulations of atomicity. The new algorithm implements atomicity constraints in real-space, as well as…
Amorphous, glass, and glass-ceramic materials practically always include a significant number (more than eight) of crystalline phases, with the contents of the latter ranging from a few wt.% to several hundredths or tenths of wt.%. The…