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Developing robust and general-purpose manipulation policies represents a fundamental objective in robotics research. While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated promising capabilities for end-to-end robot control, existing…

In this paper, we introduce a novel kinematics-rich vision-language-action (VLA) task, in which language commands densely encode diverse kinematic attributes (such as direction, trajectory, orientation, and relative displacement) from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Gaoge Han , Zhengqing Gao , Ziwen Li , Jiaxin Huang , Shaoli Huang , Fakhri Karray , Mingming Gong , Tongliang Liu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models demonstrate remarkable potential for generalizable robotic manipulation. The execution of complex multi-step behaviors in VLA models can be improved by robust instruction grounding, a critical component…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a promising approach to address the data scarcity challenge in robotics, enabling the development of generalizable visuomotor control policies. While models like OpenVLA showcase the potential…

Vision-language models (VLMs) pretrained on large-scale multimodal datasets encode rich visual and linguistic knowledge, making them a strong foundation for robotics. Rather than training robotic policies from scratch, recent approaches…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models trained on large-scale internet data and robot demonstrations have the potential to serve as generalist robot policies. However, despite their large-scale training, VLAs are often brittle to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Asher J. Hancock , Allen Z. Ren , Anirudha Majumdar

A fundamental objective of manipulation policy design is to endow robots to comprehend human instructions, reason about scene cues, and execute generalized actions in dynamic environments. Recent autoregressive vision-language-action (VLA)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jiaming Liu , Hao Chen , Pengju An , Zhuoyang Liu , Renrui Zhang , Chenyang Gu , Xiaoqi Li , Ziyu Guo , Sixiang Chen , Mengzhen Liu , Chengkai Hou , Mengdi Zhao , KC alex Zhou , Pheng-Ann Heng , Shanghang Zhang

Recent advances in vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown promise in integrating image generation with action prediction to improve generalization and reasoning in robot manipulation. However, existing methods are limited to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Wenyao Zhang , Hongsi Liu , Zekun Qi , Yunnan Wang , Xinqiang Yu , Jiazhao Zhang , Runpei Dong , Jiawei He , Fan Lu , He Wang , Zhizheng Zhang , Li Yi , Wenjun Zeng , Xin Jin

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are formulated to ground instructions in visual context and generate action sequences for robotic manipulation. Despite recent progress, VLA models still face challenges in learning related and reusable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Ziyue Zhu , Shangyang Wu , Shuai Zhao , Zhiqiu Zhao , Shengjie Li , Yi Wang , Fang Li , Haoran Luo

Recent advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have opened new avenues for robot manipulation, yet existing methods exhibit limited efficiency and a lack of high-level knowledge and spatial awareness. To address these challenges, we…

Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models rely on fixed computational depth, expending the same amount of compute on simple adjustments and complex multi-step manipulation. While Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting enables variable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yalcin Tur , Jalal Naghiyev , Haoquan Fang , Wei-Chuan Tsai , Jiafei Duan , Dieter Fox , Ranjay Krishna

Vision-language-action (VLA) models have significantly advanced robotic manipulation by integrating vision-language models (VLMs), and action decoders into a unified architecture. However, their deployment on resource-constrained edge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Jiahong Chen , Jing Wang , Long Chen , Chuwei Cai , Jinghui Lu

This study evaluates two leading approaches for teaching construction robots new skills to understand their applicability for construction automation: a Vision-Language-Action (VLA) model and Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods. The goal is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zhaofeng Hu , Hongrui Yu , Vaidhyanathan Chandramouli , Ci-Jyun Liang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for open-world robot manipulation, but their practical deployment is often constrained by cost: billion-scale VLM backbones and iterative diffusion/flow-based action…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models adapt large vision-language backbones to map images and instructions into robot actions. However, prevailing VLAs either generate actions auto-regressively in a fixed left-to-right order or attach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zhixuan Liang , Yizhuo Li , Tianshuo Yang , Chengyue Wu , Sitong Mao , Tian Nian , Liuao Pei , Shunbo Zhou , Xiaokang Yang , Jiangmiao Pang , Yao Mu , Ping Luo

Vision-Language-Action models have achieved remarkable progress in robotic manipulation, yet they suffer from a critical limitation: a lack of 3D scene understanding. This deficiency manifests as three intertwined challenges: weak…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zhongyu Xia , Yousen Tang , Bingqing Wei , Yongtao Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising framework for enabling generalist robots capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting in the real world. These models usually build upon pretrained Vision-Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Tao Lin , Gen Li , Yilei Zhong , Yanwen Zou , Yuxin Du , Jiting Liu , Encheng Gu , Bo Zhao

Recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models built on pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) require extensive post-training, resulting in high computational overhead that limits scalability and deployment.We propose CogVLA, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Wei Li , Renshan Zhang , Rui Shao , Jie He , Liqiang Nie

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for general-purpose robot control through natural language instructions. However, their high inference cost-stemming from large-scale token computation and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xudong Tan , Yaoxin Yang , Peng Ye , Jialin Zheng , Bizhe Bai , Xinyi Wang , Jia Hao , Tao Chen

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved remarkable progress in robotic manipulation by mapping multimodal observations and instructions directly to actions. However, they typically mimic expert trajectories without predictive…