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As multimodal large language models (MLLMs) advance rapidly, rigorous evaluation has become essential, providing further guidance for their development. In this work, we focus on a unified and robust evaluation of \textbf{vision perception}…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Feng Chen , Chenhui Gou , Jing Liu , Yang Yang , Zhaoyang Li , Jiyuan Zhang , Zhenbang Sun , Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu

On the way towards general Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems that are able to answer arbitrary questions, the need arises for evaluation beyond single-metric leaderboards for specific datasets. To this end, we propose a browser-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Dirk Väth , Pascal Tilli , Ngoc Thang Vu

In recent years, AI-generated videos have become increasingly realistic and sophisticated. Meanwhile, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown strong potential for detecting such content. However, existing evaluation protocols…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yueying Zou , Pei Pei Li , Zekun Li , Xinyu Guo , Xing Cui , Huaibo Huang , Ran He

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled a wide range of advanced vision-language applications, including fine-grained object recognition and contextual understanding. When querying specific regions or objects in an image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Mingjie Xu , Jinpeng Chen , Yuzhi Zhao , Jason Chun Lok Li , Yue Qiu , Zekang Du , Mengyang Wu , Pingping Zhang , Kun Li , Hongzheng Yang , Wenao Ma , Jiaheng Wei , Qinbin Li , Kangcheng Liu , Wenqiang Lei

Current benchmarks for assessing vision-language models (VLMs) often focus on their perception or problem-solving capabilities and neglect other critical aspects such as fairness, multilinguality, or toxicity. Furthermore, they differ in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Tony Lee , Haoqin Tu , Chi Heem Wong , Wenhao Zheng , Yiyang Zhou , Yifan Mai , Josselin Somerville Roberts , Michihiro Yasunaga , Huaxiu Yao , Cihang Xie , Percy Liang

Understanding and reasoning about spatial relationships is a fundamental capability for Visual Question Answering (VQA) and robotics. While Vision Language Models (VLM) have demonstrated remarkable performance in certain VQA benchmarks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Boyuan Chen , Zhuo Xu , Sean Kirmani , Brian Ichter , Danny Driess , Pete Florence , Dorsa Sadigh , Leonidas Guibas , Fei Xia

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming artificial intelligence, evolving into task-oriented systems capable of autonomous planning and execution. One of the primary applications of LLMs is conversational AI systems, which must…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Elad Levi , Ilan Kadar

Vision-language-action (VLA) models represent a promising direction for developing general-purpose robotic systems, demonstrating the ability to combine visual understanding, language comprehension, and action generation. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Pranav Guruprasad , Harshvardhan Sikka , Jaewoo Song , Yangyue Wang , Paul Pu Liang

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a fundamental multimodal task that requires models to jointly understand visual and textual information. Early VQA systems relied heavily on language biases, motivating subsequent work to emphasize visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Nguyen Anh Tuong , Phan Ba Duc , Nguyen Trung Quoc , Tran Dac Thinh , Dang Duy Lan , Nguyen Quoc Thinh , Tung Le

With the increasing integration of visual and textual content in Social Networking Services (SNS), evaluating the multimodal capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for enhancing user experience, content understanding, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Hongcheng Guo , Zheyong Xie , Shaosheng Cao , Boyang Wang , Weiting Liu , Anjie Le , Lei Li , Zhoujun Li

Vision-language models (VLMs) work well in tasks ranging from image captioning to visual question answering (VQA), yet they struggle with spatial reasoning, a key skill for understanding our physical world that humans excel at. We find that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Michael Ogezi , Freda Shi

The unprecedented advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong potential in interacting with humans through both language and visual inputs to perform downstream tasks such as visual question answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Wenjia Xu , Zijian Yu , Boyang Mu , Zhiwei Wei , Yuanben Zhang , Guangzuo Li , Jiuniu Wang , Mugen Peng

The emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) that integrate vision and language modalities has unlocked new potentials for scientific reasoning, outperforming prior benchmarks in both natural language and coding domains.…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Sifan Wu , Huan Zhang , Yizhan Li , Farshid Effaty , Amirreza Ataei , Bang Liu

We present a Collaborative Agent-Based Framework for Multi-Image Reasoning. Our approach tackles the challenge of interleaved multimodal reasoning across diverse datasets and task formats by employing a dual-agent system: a language-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Angelos Vlachos , Giorgos Filandrianos , Maria Lymperaiou , Nikolaos Spanos , Ilias Mitsouras , Vasileios Karampinis , Athanasios Voulodimos

Social Intelligence Queries (Social-IQ) serve as the primary multimodal benchmark for evaluating a model's social intelligence level. While impressive multiple-choice question(MCQ) accuracy is achieved by current solutions, increasing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Hao Li , Hao Fei , Zechao Hu , Zhengwei Yang , Zheng Wang

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a challenging task of natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV), attracting significant attention from researchers. English is a resource-rich language that has witnessed various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Ngan Luu-Thuy Nguyen , Nghia Hieu Nguyen , Duong T. D Vo , Khanh Quoc Tran , Kiet Van Nguyen

In recent years, visual question answering (VQA) has attracted attention from the research community because of its highly potential applications (such as virtual assistance on intelligent cars, assistant devices for blind people, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Nghia Hieu Nguyen , Duong T. D. Vo , Kiet Van Nguyen , Ngan Luu-Thuy Nguyen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) often yield inconsistent descriptions of the same object across viewpoints, hindering the ability of embodied agents to construct consistent semantic representations over time. Previous methods resolved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Tommaso Galliena , Stefano Rosa , Tommaso Apicella , Pietro Morerio , Alessio Del Bue , Lorenzo Natale

The ideal form of Visual Question Answering requires understanding, grounding and reasoning in the joint space of vision and language and serves as a proxy for the AI task of scene understanding. However, most existing VQA benchmarks are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Kang Chen , Xiangqian Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in mainstream academic disciplines such as mathematics, physics, and computer science. However, human knowledge encompasses over 200 specialized disciplines, far…