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Post-training quantization (PTQ) of large language models (LLMs) holds the promise in reducing the prohibitive computational cost at inference time. Quantization of all weight, activation and key-value (KV) cache tensors to 4-bit without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Utkarsh Saxena , Sayeh Sharify , Kaushik Roy , Xin Wang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) lowers the computational and memory overhead of fine-tuning large models by updating a low-dimensional subspace of the pre-trained weight matrix. Albeit efficient, LoRA exhibits suboptimal convergence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yilang Zhang , Bingcong Li , Georgios B. Giannakis

With the rapid adoption of machine learning (ML), a number of domains now use the approach of fine tuning models which were pre-trained on a large corpus of data. However, our experiments show that even fine-tuning on models like BERT can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Yuhan Liu , Saurabh Agarwal , Shivaram Venkataraman

We present LLMQ, an end-to-end CUDA/C++ implementation for medium-sized language-model training, e.g. 3B to 32B parameters, on affordable, commodity GPUs. These devices are characterized by low memory availability and slow communication…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Erik Schultheis , Dan Alistarh

With the proliferation of large pre-trained language models (PLMs), fine-tuning all model parameters becomes increasingly inefficient, particularly when dealing with numerous downstream tasks that entail substantial training and storage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Nadav Benedek , Lior Wolf

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) enables parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large language models by decomposing weight updates into low-rank matrices, significantly reducing storage and computational overhead. While effective, standard LoRA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Patryk Marszałek , Klaudia Bałazy , Jacek Tabor , Tomasz Kuśmierczyk

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, creating an increased need for efficient, task-specific fine-tuning methods. Traditional fine-tuning of LLMs involves updating a large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ayush Singh , Rajdeep Aher , Shivank Garg

In the era of large-scale language models, the substantial parameter size poses significant challenges for deployment. Being a prevalent compression technique, quantization has emerged as the mainstream practice to tackle this issue, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Qingyuan Li , Yifan Zhang , Liang Li , Peng Yao , Bo Zhang , Xiangxiang Chu , Yerui Sun , Li Du , Yuchen Xie

It is critical to deploy complicated neural network models on hardware with limited resources. This paper proposes a novel model quantization method, named the Low-Cost Proxy-Based Adaptive Mixed-Precision Model Quantization (LCPAQ), which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Junzhe Chen , Qiao Yang , Senmao Tian , Shunli Zhang

The exponentially large discrete search space in mixed-precision quantization (MPQ) makes it hard to determine the optimal bit-width for each layer. Previous works usually resort to iterative search methods on the training set, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Chen Tang , Kai Ouyang , Zhi Wang , Yifei Zhu , Yaowei Wang , Wen Ji , Wenwu Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) with multimodal capabilities have revolutionized vision-language tasks, but their deployment often requires huge memory and computational resources. While post-training quantization (PTQ) has successfully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shubhang Bhatnagar , Andy Xu , Kar-Han Tan , Narendra Ahuja

Deploying large language models (LLMs) on mobile platforms faces significant challenges due to the limited memory and shared computational resources of the device. Resource availability may be an issue as it is directly impacted by the…

Quantization is a widely-used compression technology to reduce the overhead of serving large language models (LLMs) on terminal devices and in cloud data centers. However, prevalent quantization methods, such as 8-bit weight-activation or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Lian Liu , Haimeng Ren , Long Cheng , Zhaohui Xu , Yudong Pan , Mengdi Wang , Xiaowei Li , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Existing text-to-image models often rely on parameter fine-tuning techniques such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) to customize visual attributes. However, when combining multiple LoRA models for content-style fusion tasks, unstructured…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Jiahui Yang , Yongjia Ma , Donglin Di , Hao Li , Wei Chen , Yan Xie , Jianxun Cui , Xun Yang , Wangmeng Zuo

Model quantization reduces the bit-width of weights and activations, improving memory efficiency and inference speed in diffusion models. However, achieving 4-bit quantization remains challenging. Existing methods, primarily based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Maosen Zhao , Pengtao Chen , Chong Yu , Yan Wen , Xudong Tan , Tao Chen

The machine learning community has witnessed impressive advancements since large language models (LLMs) first appeared. Yet, their massive memory consumption has become a significant roadblock to large-scale training. For instance, a 7B…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Rui Pan , Xiang Liu , Shizhe Diao , Renjie Pi , Jipeng Zhang , Chi Han , Tong Zhang

Model quantization is a widely used technique to compress and accelerate deep neural network (DNN) inference. Emergent DNN hardware accelerators begin to support mixed precision (1-8 bits) to further improve the computation efficiency,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Kuan Wang , Zhijian Liu , Yujun Lin , Ji Lin , Song Han

We propose Quantum-informed Tensor Adaptation (QuanTA), a novel, easy-to-implement, fine-tuning method with no inference overhead for large-scale pre-trained language models. By leveraging quantum-inspired methods derived from quantum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zhuo Chen , Rumen Dangovski , Charlotte Loh , Owen Dugan , Di Luo , Marin Soljačić

Running Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices is constrained by high compute and memory demands posing a barrier for real-time applications in sectors like healthcare, education, and embedded systems. Current solutions such as…

Finetuned LLMs often exhibit poor uncertainty quantification, manifesting as overconfidence, poor calibration, and unreliable prediction results on test data or out-of-distribution samples. One approach commonly used in vision for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Xi Wang , Laurence Aitchison , Maja Rudolph