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Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a powerful framework for machine learning interpretability, enabling the unsupervised decomposition of model representations into a dictionary of abstract, human-interpretable concepts. However, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Thomas Fel , Ekdeep Singh Lubana , Jacob S. Prince , Matthew Kowal , Victor Boutin , Isabel Papadimitriou , Binxu Wang , Martin Wattenberg , Demba Ba , Talia Konkle

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have demonstrated strong performance in audio understanding and generation. Yet, our extensive benchmarking reveals that their behavior is largely generic (e.g., summarizing spoken content) and fails to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yuwen Wang , Xinyuan Qian , Tian-Hao Zhang , Jiaran Gao , Yuchen Pan , Xin Wang , Zhou Pan , Chen Wei , Yiming Wang

Recent work in Mechanistic Interpretability (MI) has enabled the identification and intervention of internal features in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, a persistent challenge lies in linking such internal features to the reliable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Ruikang Zhang , Shuo Wang , Qi Su

Interpretable machine learning has exploded as an area of interest over the last decade, sparked by the rise of increasingly large datasets and deep neural networks. Simultaneously, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Chandan Singh , Jeevana Priya Inala , Michel Galley , Rich Caruana , Jianfeng Gao

Concept-based explanations work by mapping complex model computations to human-understandable concepts. Evaluating such explanations is very difficult, as it includes not only the quality of the induced space of possible concepts but also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Antonin Poché , Alon Jacovi , Agustin Martin Picard , Victor Boutin , Fanny Jourdan

Recent developments in Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities have brought great potential but also posed new risks. For example, LLMs with knowledge of bioweapons, advanced chemistry, or cyberattacks could cause violence if placed in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Matthew Khoriaty , Andrii Shportko , Gustavo Mercier , Zach Wood-Doughty

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have recently emerged as a powerful tool for interpreting the internal representations of large language models (LLMs), revealing latent latent features with semantical meaning. This interpretability has also…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-11 Haoxiang Guan , Jiyan He , Jie Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) play a crucial role in capturing structured semantics to enhance language understanding, improve interpretability, and reduce bias. Nevertheless, an ongoing controversy exists over the extent to which LLMs can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Ning Cheng , Zhaohui Yan , Ziming Wang , Zhijie Li , Jiaming Yu , Zilong Zheng , Kewei Tu , Jinan Xu , Wenjuan Han

The foundational capabilities established by Large Language Models (LLMs) have paved the way for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), within which Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) are essential for realizing universal auditory…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated unprecedented capabilities across various natural language processing tasks. Their ability to process and generate viable text and code has made them ubiquitous in many fields, while their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Stef De Sabbata , Stefano Mizzaro , Kevin Roitero

Does Large Language Model (LLM) technology suggest a meta-semantic picture i.e. a picture of how words and complex expressions come to have the meaning that they do? One modest approach explores the assumptions that seem to be built into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Jumbly Grindrod

Multimodal large language models can exhibit text dominance, over-relying on linguistic priors instead of grounding predictions in non-text inputs. One example is large audio-language models (LALMs) where decisive audio evidence can be…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Neta Glazer , Lenny Aharon , Ethan Fetaya

Large multimodal models (LMMs) combine unimodal encoders and large language models (LLMs) to perform multimodal tasks. Despite recent advancements towards the interpretability of these models, understanding internal representations of LMMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jayneel Parekh , Pegah Khayatan , Mustafa Shukor , Alasdair Newson , Matthieu Cord

The recent surge in open-source Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) frameworks, such as LLaVA, provides a convenient kickoff for artificial intelligence developers and researchers. However, most of the MLLM frameworks take vision as the…

Machine learning techniques have proved useful for classifying and analyzing audio content. However, recent methods typically rely on abstract and high-dimensional representations that are difficult to interpret. Inspired by…

Unlike human-engineered systems such as aeroplanes, where each component's role and dependencies are well understood, the inner workings of AI models remain largely opaque, hindering verifiability and undermining trust. This paper…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have played a pivotal role in advancing Artificial Intelligence (AI). However, despite their achievements, LLMs often struggle to explain their decision-making processes, making them a 'black box' and presenting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Avash Palikhe , Zhenyu Yu , Zichong Wang , Wenbin Zhang

Speech large language models (LLMs) observe paralinguistic cues such as prosody, emotion, and non-verbal sounds--crucial for intent understanding. However, leveraging these cues faces challenges: limited training data, annotation…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities, notably in connecting ideas and adhering to logical rules to solve problems. These models have evolved to accommodate various data modalities, including sound…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-10 Enis Berk Çoban , Michael I. Mandel , Johanna Devaney

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capability in structured prediction tasks such as semantic parsing, few amounts of research have explored the underlying mechanisms of their success. Our work studies different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Daking Rai , Yilun Zhou , Bailin Wang , Ziyu Yao
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