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Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) plays a critical role in studying microstructural changes in the brain. It is, therefore, widely used in clinical practice; yet progress in learning general-purpose representations from dMRI has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Gustavo Chau Loo Kung , Mohammad Abbasi , Camila Blank , Juze Zhang , Alan Q. Wang , Sophie Ostmeier , Akshay Chaudhari , Kilian Pohl , Ehsan Adeli

Foundation models (FMs) are recognized as a transformative breakthrough that has started to reshape the future of artificial intelligence (AI) across both academia and industry. The integration of FMs into wireless networks is expected to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Han Zhang , Mohammad Farzanullah , Mohammad Ghassemi , Akram Bin Sediq , Ali Afana , Melike Erol-Kantarci

A handful of visual foundation models (VFMs) have recently emerged as the backbones for numerous downstream tasks. VFMs like CLIP, DINOv2, SAM are trained with distinct objectives, exhibiting unique characteristics for various downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Mike Ranzinger , Greg Heinrich , Jan Kautz , Pavlo Molchanov

Foundational models (FMs), pretrained on extensive datasets using self-supervised techniques, are capable of learning generalized patterns from large amounts of data. This reduces the need for extensive labeled datasets for each new task,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Quan M. Tran , Suong N. Hoang , Lam M. Nguyen , Dzung Phan , Hoang Thanh Lam

Radio Environment Maps (REMs) are crucial for numerous applications in Telecom. The construction of accurate Radio Environment Maps (REMs) has become an important and challenging topic in recent decades. In this paper, we present a method…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Ali Shibli , Tahar Zanouda

The volume of unlabelled Earth observation (EO) data is huge, but many important applications lack labelled training data. However, EO data offers the unique opportunity to pair data from different modalities and sensors automatically based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Vishal Nedungadi , Ankit Kariryaa , Stefan Oehmcke , Serge Belongie , Christian Igel , Nico Lang

The existing binary foreground map (FM) measures to address various types of errors in either pixel-wise or structural ways. These measures consider pixel-level match or image-level information independently, while cognitive vision studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Deng-Ping Fan , Cheng Gong , Yang Cao , Bo Ren , Ming-Ming Cheng , Ali Borji

Intelligent spectrum management is crucial for improving spectrum efficiency and achieving secure utilization of spectrum resources. However, existing intelligent spectrum management methods, typically based on small-scale models, suffer…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Fuhui Zhou , Chunyu Liu , Hao Zhang , Wei Wu , Qihui Wu , Tony Q. S. Quek , Chan-Byoung Chae

The human brain is a complex, dynamic network, which is commonly studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and modeled as network of Regions of interest (ROIs) for understanding various brain functions. Recent studies…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-26 Yifan Yang , Yutong Mao , Xufu Liu , Xiao Liu

Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) constitutes the first line of investigation for clinicians in the care of brain tumors, providing crucial insights for surgery planning, treatment monitoring, and biomarker identification.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Lucas Robinet , Ahmad Berjaoui , Elizabeth Cohen-Jonathan Moyal

Multi-task and few-shot time series forecasting tasks are commonly encountered in scenarios such as the launch of new products in different cities. However, traditional time series forecasting methods suffer from insufficient historical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Pengpeng Ouyang , Dong Chen , Tong Yang , Shuo Feng , Zhao Jin , Mingliang Xu

Foundation models, large-scale, pre-trained deep-learning models adapted to a wide range of downstream tasks have gained significant interest lately in various deep-learning problems undergoing a paradigm shift with the rise of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Bobby Azad , Reza Azad , Sania Eskandari , Afshin Bozorgpour , Amirhossein Kazerouni , Islem Rekik , Dorit Merhof

Radio maps (RMs) provide a spatially continuous description of wireless propagation, enabling cross-layer optimization and unifying communication and sensing for integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). However, constructing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-15 Qiming Zhang , Xiucheng Wang , Nan Cheng , Zhisheng Yin , Xiang Li

Deploying depth estimation networks in the real world requires high-level robustness against various adverse conditions to ensure safe and reliable autonomy. For this purpose, many autonomous vehicles employ multi-modal sensor systems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ukcheol Shin , Kyunghyun Lee , Jean Oh

Deformable registration is a fundamental task in medical image processing, aiming to achieve precise alignment by establishing nonlinear correspondences between images. Traditional methods offer good adaptability and interpretability but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jing Hu , Kaiwei Yu , Hongjiang Xian , Shu Hu , Xin Wang

Foundation models like the Segment Anything Model (SAM) excel in zero-shot segmentation for natural images but struggle with medical image segmentation due to differences in texture, contrast, and noise. Annotating medical images is costly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-14 Sourya Sengupta , Satrajit Chakrabarty , Keerthi Sravan Ravi , Gopal Avinash , Ravi Soni

The demand for high-resolution subsurface imaging and continuous Earth monitoring has driven rapid growth in active and passive seismic data from dense geophone deployments, distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) arrays, and large-scale 2D and…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-05-13 Jiahua Zhao , Umair bin Waheed , Jing Sun , Yang Cui , Nikos Savva , Eric Verschuur

Earth Observation Foundation Models (EOFMs) have exploded in prevalence as tools for processing the massive volumes of remotely sensed and other earth observation data, and for delivering impact on the many essential earth monitoring tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ryan P. Demilt , Nicholas LaHaye , Karis Tenneson

As a cost-effective and robust technology, automotive radar has seen steady improvement during the last years, making it an appealing complement to commonly used sensors like camera and LiDAR in autonomous driving. Radio frequency data with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Yuzhi Wu , Jun Liu , Guangfeng Jiang , Weijian Liu , Danilo Orlando

Radio frequency (RF) signal mapping, which is the process of analyzing and predicting the RF signal strength and distribution across specific areas, is crucial for cellular network planning and deployment. Traditional approaches to RF…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-08 Yiming Li , Zeyu Li , Zhihui Gao , Tingjun Chen