Related papers: Runaway electron generation in ITER mitigated disr…

Massive material injection has been proposed as a way to mitigate the formation of a beam of relativistic runaway electrons that may result from a disruption in tokamak plasmas. In this paper we analyse runaway generation observed in eleven…

Experimental results on the position and current control of disruption generated runaway electrons (RE) in FTU are presented. A scanning interferometer diagnostic has been used to analyze the time evolution of the RE beam radial position…

Runaway electron modelling efforts are motivated by the risk these energetic particles pose to large fusion devices. The sophisticated kinetic models can capture most features of the runaway electron generation but have high computational…

Plasma current instabilities can destabilize the plasma discharge and cool the plasma rapidly. In such $\textit{disruptions}$ or in the start-up phase of the reactor, inductive electric fields are generated which accelerate electrons to…

Complete 3D simulations of the current quench phase of ITER disruptions are key to predict asymmetric forces acting into the ITER wall. We present for the first time such simulations for ITER mitigated disruptions at realistic Lundquist…

Future large tokamaks will operate at high plasma currents and high stored plasma energies. To ensure machine protection in case of a sudden loss of plasma confinement (major disruption), a large fraction of the magnetic and thermal energy…

Runaway electron populations seeded from the hot-tail generated by the rapid cooling in plasma-terminating disruptions are a serious concern for next-step tokamak devices such as ITER. Here, we present a comprehensive treatment of the…

New simulations with the Kinetic Orbit Runaway electron (RE) Code KORC show RE deconfinement losses to the wall during plasma scrape off are the primary current dissipation mechanism in DIII-D experiments with high-Z impurity injection, and…

In the event of a tokamak disruption in a D-T plasma, fusion-born alpha particles take several milliseconds longer to thermalise than the background. As the damping rates drop drastically following the several orders of magnitudes drop of…

Fusion-born alpha particles in ITER disruption simulations are investigated as a possible drive of Alfv\'enic instabilities. The ability of these waves to expel runaway electron (RE) seed particles is explored in the pursuit of a passive,…

Disruptions in tokamak plasmas may lead to the generation of runaway electrons that have the potential to damage plasma-facing components. Improved understanding of the runaway generation process requires interpretative modelling of…

The runaway electron (RE) - induced damage on boron nitride (BN) tiles mounted on the inner bumpers of the WEST tokamak is modeled employing available empirical input and experimental constraints, concerning the post-mortem documentation of…

Disruption-generated runaway electrons (RE) present an outstanding issue for ITER. The predictive computational studies of RE generation rely on orbit-averaged computations and, as such, they lack the effects from the magnetic field…

In this work, we present the first global gyrokinetic simulations of the ITER baseline scenario operating at 15 MA using GENE-Tango electrostatic and electromagnetic simulations. The modeled radial region spans close to the magnetic axis up…

Runaway electrons (RE) generated during magnetic disruptions present a major threat to the safe operation of plasma nuclear fusion reactors. A critical aspect of understanding RE dynamics is to calculate the runaway probability, i.e., the…

Simulations and theory are presented of an ITER locked mode thermal quench (TQ). In present experiments, locked mode disruptions have a long precursor phase, followed by a rapid termination and thermal quench, which can be identified with a…

Synchrotron radiation images from runaway electrons (REs) in an ASDEX Upgrade discharge disrupted by argon injection are analyzed using the synchrotron diagnostic tool SOFT and coupled fluid-kinetic simulations. We show that the evolution…

Relativistic runaway electrons are a major concern in tokamaks. The European framework for Integrated Modelling (EU-IM), facilitates the integration of different plasma simulation tools by providing a standard data structure for…

Achieving self-consistent performance predictions for ITER requires integrated modeling of core transport and divertor power exhaust under realistic impurity conditions. We present results from the first systematic power-flow and…

SPIDER is the full-scale prototype of the ion source of the ITER Heating Neutral Beam Injector, where negative ions of Hydrogen or Deuterium are produced by a RF generated plasma and accelerated with a set of grids up to ~100 keV. The Power…