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Accurate analysis of histopathological images is critical for disease diagnosis and treatment planning. Whole-slide images (WSIs), which digitize tissue specimens at gigapixel resolution, are fundamental to this process but require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Enhui Chai , Sicheng Chen , Tianyi Zhang , Chad Wong , Kecheng Huang , Zeyu Liu , Fei Xia

Since the emergence of the ImageNet dataset, the pretraining and fine-tuning approach has become widely adopted in computer vision due to the ability of ImageNet-pretrained models to learn a wide variety of visual features. However, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Pablo Meseguer , Rocío del Amor , Adrian Colomer , Valery Naranjo

Predicting microsatellite instability (MSI) status from routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) whole slide images (WSIs) offers a practical alternative to molecular testing, but models trained at one institution tend to generalize poorly to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Dasari Naga Raju

Pathologic analysis of surgical excision specimens for breast carcinoma is important to evaluate the completeness of surgical excision and has implications for future treatment. This analysis is performed manually by pathologists reviewing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-22 David Joon Ho , Dig V. K. Yarlagadda , Timothy M. D'Alfonso , Matthew G. Hanna , Anne Grabenstetter , Peter Ntiamoah , Edi Brogi , Lee K. Tan , Thomas J. Fuchs

Weakly supervised whole slide image classification is a key task in computational pathology, which involves predicting a slide-level label from a set of image patches constituting the slide. Constructing models to solve this task involves…

Foundation models are reshaping computational pathology by enabling transfer learning, where models pre-trained on vast datasets can be adapted for downstream diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic response tasks. Despite these advances,…

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models have become the state-of-the-art for most computer vision tasks with natural images. However, these are not best suited for multi-gigapixel resolution Whole Slide Images (WSIs) of histology slides…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Abhinav Agarwalla , Muhammad Shaban , Nasir M. Rajpoot

Computational pathology, which involves analyzing whole slide images for automated cancer diagnosis, relies on multiple instance learning, where performance depends heavily on the feature extractor and aggregator. Recent Pathology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Conghao Xiong , Hao Chen , Joseph J. Y. Sung

In histopathology, tissue samples are often larger than a standard microscope slide, making stitching of multiple fragments necessary to process entire structures such as tumors. Automated stitching is a prerequisite for scaling analysis,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Stefan Brandstätter , Maximilian Köller , Philipp Seeböck , Alissa Blessing , Felicitas Oberndorfer , Svitlana Pochepnia , Helmut Prosch , Georg Langs

Foundation models (FM) have transformed computational pathology but remain computationally prohibitive for clinical deployment due to their massive parameter counts and high-magnification processing requirements. Here, we introduce XMAG, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ziyu Su , Abdul Rehman Akbar , Usama Sajjad , Anil V. Parwani , Muhammad Khalid Khan Niazi

Histopathology whole slide images (WSIs) play a very important role in clinical studies and serve as the gold standard for many cancer diagnoses. However, generating automatic tools for processing WSIs is challenging due to their enormous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Jingwei Zhang , Xin Zhang , Ke Ma , Rajarsi Gupta , Joel Saltz , Maria Vakalopoulou , Dimitris Samaras

Histopathological image analysis is an essential process for the discovery of diseases such as cancer. However, it is challenging to train CNN on whole slide images (WSIs) of gigapixel resolution considering the available memory capacity.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-11 Shusuke Takahama , Yusuke Kurose , Yusuke Mukuta , Hiroyuki Abe , Masashi Fukayama , Akihiko Yoshizawa , Masanobu Kitagawa , Tatsuya Harada

The field of computational pathology has been transformed with recent advances in foundation models that encode histopathology region-of-interests (ROIs) into versatile and transferable feature representations via self-supervised learning…

Cancer is a complex disease that provides various types of information depending on the scale of observation. While most tumor diagnostics are performed by observing histopathological slides, radiology images should yield additional…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-07 Marvin Lerousseau , Eric Deutsh , Nikos Paragios

Due to the increasing workload of pathologists, the need for automation to support diagnostic tasks and quantitative biomarker evaluation is becoming more and more apparent. Foundation models have the potential to improve generalizability…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-13 Till Nicke , Jan Raphael Schaefer , Henning Hoefener , Friedrich Feuerhake , Dorit Merhof , Fabian Kiessling , Johannes Lotz

In Computational Pathology (CPath), the introduction of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has opened new avenues for research, focusing primarily on aligning image-text pairs at a single magnification level. However, this approach might not be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Shahad Albastaki , Anabia Sohail , Iyyakutti Iyappan Ganapathi , Basit Alawode , Asim Khan , Sajid Javed , Naoufel Werghi , Mohammed Bennamoun , Arif Mahmood

Representation learning of pathology whole-slide images (WSIs) has been has primarily relied on weak supervision with Multiple Instance Learning (MIL). However, the slide representations resulting from this approach are highly tailored to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Andrew H. Song , Richard J. Chen , Tong Ding , Drew F. K. Williamson , Guillaume Jaume , Faisal Mahmood

Foundation models are reshaping computational histopathology, yet their value for whole-slide image retrieval relative to strong patch-based and supervised aggregation baselines remains unclear. We benchmarked ten pipelines on 9,387…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Tianhao Lei , Parsa Esmaeilkhani , Saghir Alfasly , Wataru Uegami , Judy C. Boughey , Matthew P. Goetz , Krishna R. Kalari , H. R. Tizhoosh

The burgeoning discipline of computational pathology shows promise in harnessing whole slide images (WSIs) to quantify morphological heterogeneity and develop objective prognostic modes for human cancers. However, progress is impeded by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Chao Tu , Kun Huang , Jie Zhang , Qianjin Feng , Yu Zhang , Zhenyuan Ning

The rapidly emerging field of deep learning-based computational pathology has demonstrated promise in developing objective prognostic models from histology whole slide images. However, most prognostic models are either based on histology or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Richard J. Chen , Ming Y. Lu , Drew F. K. Williamson , Tiffany Y. Chen , Jana Lipkova , Muhammad Shaban , Maha Shady , Mane Williams , Bumjin Joo , Zahra Noor , Faisal Mahmood