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Multimodal large language models are typically trained in two stages: first pre-training on image-text pairs, and then fine-tuning using supervised vision-language instruction data. Recent studies have shown that large language models can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Lai Wei , Xiaozhe Li , Zihao Jiang , Weiran Huang , Lichao Sun

Tool retrieval is a critical component in enabling large language models (LLMs) to interact effectively with external tools. It aims to precisely filter the massive tools into a small set of candidates for the downstream tool-augmented…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Jianghao Lin , Xinyuan Wang , Xinyi Dai , Menghui Zhu , Bo Chen , Ruiming Tang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Efficient adaption of large language models (LLMs) on edge devices is essential for applications requiring continuous and privacy-preserving adaptation and inference. However, existing tuning techniques fall short because of the high…

Large Language Models (LLMs), with billions of parameters, present significant challenges for full finetuning due to the high computational demands, memory requirements, and impracticality of many real-world applications. When faced with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Jonathan Svirsky , Yehonathan Refael , Ofir Lindenbaum

Large Language Models (LLMs) fine-tuning techniques not only improve the adaptability to diverse downstream tasks, but also mitigate adverse effects of model quantization. Despite this, conventional quantization suffers from its structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Shaoyuan Chen , Zhixuan Chen , Dawei Yang , Zhihang Yuan , Qiang Wu

The pretrained large language models (LLMs) are finetuned with labeled data for better instruction following ability and alignment with human values. In this paper, we study the learning dynamics of LLM finetuning on reasoning tasks and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhiwen Ruan , Yun Chen , Yutao Hou , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Guanhua Chen

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on downstream tasks requires substantial computational resources. Selective PEFT, a class of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methodologies, aims to mitigate these computational challenges by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Aradhye Agarwal , Suhas K Ramesh , Ayan Sengupta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

The remarkable capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are overshadowed by their immense computational cost. While recent work has shown that many LLM layers can be reordered or even removed with minimal impact on accuracy, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Ramón Calvo González , Daniele Paliotta , Matteo Pagliardini , Martin Jaggi , François Fleuret

Visual Language Models (VLMs) are now increasingly being merged with Large Language Models (LLMs) to enable new capabilities, particularly in terms of improved interactivity and open-ended responsiveness. While these are remarkable…

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Recent research indicates that moderately-sized LLMs often outperform larger ones after task-specific fine-tuning. This study focuses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Minghao Wu , Thuy-Trang Vu , Lizhen Qu , George Foster , Gholamreza Haffari

Training Large Language Models (LLMs) from scratch requires immense computational resources, making it prohibitively expensive. Model scaling-up offers a promising solution by leveraging the parameters of smaller models to create larger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Yifei Yang , Zouying Cao , Xinbei Ma , Yao Yao , Libo Qin , Zhi Chen , Hai Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have found several use cases in education, ranging from automatic question generation to essay evaluation. In this paper, we explore the potential of using Large Language Models (LLMs) to author Intelligent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Sankalan Pal Chowdhury , Vilém Zouhar , Mrinmaya Sachan

This work introduces LAB (Large-scale Alignment for chatBots), a novel methodology designed to overcome the scalability challenges in the instruction-tuning phase of large language model (LLM) training. Leveraging a taxonomy-guided…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Shivchander Sudalairaj , Abhishek Bhandwaldar , Aldo Pareja , Kai Xu , David D. Cox , Akash Srivastava

The proliferation of open-sourced Large Language Models (LLMs) and diverse downstream tasks necessitates efficient model selection, given the impracticality of fine-tuning all candidates due to computational constraints. Despite the recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xinyue Zeng , Haohui Wang , Junhong Lin , Jun Wu , Tyler Cody , Dawei Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong general language capabilities. However, fine-tuning these models on domain-specific tasks often leads to catastrophic forgetting, where the model overwrites or loses essential knowledge acquired…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shezheng Song , Hao Xu , Jun Ma , Shasha Li , Long Peng , Qian Wan , Xiaodong Liu , Jie Yu

Decoder-only LLMs have shown impressive performance in MT due to their ability to learn from extensive datasets and generate high-quality translations. However, LLMs often struggle with the nuances and style required for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Inacio Vieira , Will Allred , Séamus Lankford , Sheila Castilho , Andy Way

In this paper, we propose a rotation-constrained compensation method to address the errors introduced by structured pruning of large language models (LLMs). LLMs are trained on massive datasets and accumulate rich semantic knowledge in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Shuichiro Haruta , Kazunori Matsumoto , Zhi Li , Yanan Wang , Mori Kurokawa

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive (AR) models, offering advantages such as accelerated parallel decoding and bidirectional context modeling. However, the vanilla…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Runchu Tian , Junxia Cui , Xueqiang Xu , Feng Yao , Jingbo Shang

Large Language Models (LLMs) require continuous updates to maintain accurate and current knowledge as the world evolves. While existing knowledge editing approaches offer various solutions for knowledge updating, they often struggle with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zichuan Fu , Xian Wu , Guojing Li , Yingying Zhang , Yefeng Zheng , Tianshi Ming , Yejing Wang , Wanyu Wang , Xiangyu Zhao

Machine Translation (MT) plays a pivotal role in cross-lingual information access, public policy communication, and equitable knowledge dissemination. However, critical meaning errors, such as factual distortions, intent reversals, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Muskaan Chopra , Lorenz Sparrenberg , Rafet Sifa
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