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We explain how to use diffusion models to learn inverse renormalization group flows of statistical and quantum field theories. Diffusion models are a class of machine learning models which have been used to generate samples from complex…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-09-07 Jordan Cotler , Semon Rezchikov

The remarkable performance of deep neural networks depends on the availability of massive labeled data. To alleviate the load of data annotation, active deep learning aims to select a minimal set of training points to be labelled which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Dan Kushnir , Luca Venturi

Deep Generative Models are frequently used to learn continuous representations of complex data distributions using a finite number of samples. For any generative model, including pre-trained foundation models with Diffusion or Transformer…

Diffusion models recently developed for generative AI tasks can produce high-quality samples while still maintaining diversity among samples to promote mode coverage, providing a promising path for learning stochastic closure models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Xinghao Dong , Huchen Yang , Jin-long Wu

Diffusion models are a class of generative models that serve to establish a stochastic transport map between an empirically observed, yet unknown, target distribution and a known prior. Despite their remarkable success in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Puheng Li , Zhong Li , Huishuai Zhang , Jiang Bian

This tutorial provides a comprehensive survey of methods for fine-tuning diffusion models to optimize downstream reward functions. While diffusion models are widely known to provide excellent generative modeling capability, practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Masatoshi Uehara , Yulai Zhao , Tommaso Biancalani , Sergey Levine

We present an novel framework for efficiently and effectively extending the powerful continuous diffusion processes to discrete modeling. Previous approaches have suffered from the discrepancy between discrete data and continuous modeling.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yuxuan Gu , Xiaocheng Feng , Lei Huang , Yingsheng Wu , Zekun Zhou , Weihong Zhong , Kun Zhu , Bing Qin

This work considers the problem of learning the structure of multivariate linear tree models, which include a variety of directed tree graphical models with continuous, discrete, and mixed latent variables such as linear-Gaussian models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Animashree Anandkumar , Kamalika Chaudhuri , Daniel Hsu , Sham M. Kakade , Le Song , Tong Zhang

Real-world datasets are inherently heterogeneous, yet how per-class structural differences and sampling imbalance shape the training dynamics of diffusion models-and potentially exacerbate disparities-remains poorly understood. While models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Flavio Nicoletti , Chenxiao Ma , Enrico Ventura , Luca Saglietti , Stefano Sarao Mannelli

While diffusion models have revolutionized text-to-image generation with their ability to synthesize realistic and diverse scenes, they continue to struggle to generate consistent and legible text within images. This shortcoming is commonly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Tianyu Zhang , Xinyu Wang , Lu Li , Zhenghan Tai , Jijun Chi , Jingrui Tian , Hailin He , Suyuchen Wang

Strong generative models can accurately learn channel distributions. This could save recurring costs for physical measurements of the channel. Moreover, the resulting differentiable channel model supports training neural encoders by…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Muah Kim , Rick Fritschek , Rafael F. Schaefer

Diffusion models, as a novel generative paradigm, have achieved remarkable success in various image generation tasks such as image inpainting, image-to-text translation, and video generation. Graph generation is a crucial computational task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Chengyi Liu , Wenqi Fan , Yunqing Liu , Jiatong Li , Hang Li , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang , Qing Li

Recent empirical studies have demonstrated that diffusion models can effectively learn the image distribution and generate new samples. Remarkably, these models can achieve this even with a small number of training samples despite a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Peng Wang , Huijie Zhang , Zekai Zhang , Siyi Chen , Yi Ma , Qing Qu

We study the theoretical behavior of denoising score matching--the learning task associated to diffusion models--when the data distribution is supported on a low-dimensional manifold and the score is parameterized using a random feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Anand Jerry George , Nicolas Macris

Generative modeling has recently undergone remarkable advancements, primarily propelled by the transformative implications of Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs). The impressive capability of these models, however, often entails…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Gongfan Fang , Xinyin Ma , Xinchao Wang

We survey continuous-time generative modeling methods based on transporting a simple reference distribution to a data distribution via stochastic or deterministic dynamics. We present a unified framework in which diffusion models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Aditya Ranganath , Mukesh Singhal

Score-based diffusion modeling is a generative machine learning algorithm that can be used to sample from complex distributions. They achieve this by learning a score function, i.e., the gradient of the log-probability density of the data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Dibyajyoti Chakraborty , Haiwen Guan , Jason Stock , Troy Arcomano , Guido Cervone , Romit Maulik

Translational diffusion coefficients are routinely estimated from molecular dynamics simulations. Linear fits to mean squared displacement (MSD) curves have become the de facto standard, from simple liquids to complex biomacromolecules.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-11-20 Jakob Tómas Bullerjahn , Sören von Bülow , Gerhard Hummer

Text-to-image diffusion models generate highly detailed textures, yet they often rely on surface appearance and fail to follow strict geometric constraints, particularly when those constraints conflict with the style implied by the text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Antara Titikhsha , Om Kulkarni , Dharun Muthaiah

Diffusion Models are popular generative modeling methods in various vision tasks, attracting significant attention. They can be considered a unique instance of self-supervised learning methods due to their independence from label…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-19 Michael Fuest , Pingchuan Ma , Ming Gui , Johannes Schusterbauer , Vincent Tao Hu , Bjorn Ommer