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Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive zero/few-shot inference and generation quality for high-resource languages (HRLs). A few of them have been trained on low-resource languages (LRLs) and give decent performance. Owing to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Arijit Nag , Animesh Mukherjee , Niloy Ganguly , Soumen Chakrabarti

When using large language models (LLMs) in high-stakes applications, we need to know when we can trust their predictions. Some works argue that prompting high-performance LLMs is sufficient to produce calibrated uncertainties, while others…

The tendency of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate hallucinations raises concerns regarding their reliability. Therefore, confidence estimations indicating the extent of trustworthiness of the generations become essential. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Boyang Xue , Hongru Wang , Rui Wang , Sheng Wang , Zezhong Wang , Yiming Du , Bin Liang , Wenxuan Zhang , Kam-Fai Wong

This paper introduces a system that integrates large language models (LLMs) into the clinical trial retrieval process, enhancing the effectiveness of matching patients with eligible trials while maintaining information privacy and allowing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Georgios Peikos , Pranav Kasela , Gabriella Pasi

Reliability and failure detection of large language models (LLMs) is critical for their deployment in high-stakes, multi-step reasoning tasks. Prior work explores confidence estimation for self-evaluating LLM-scorer systems, with confidence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Vaibhav Mavi , Shubh Jaroria , Weiqi Sun

The inherent probabilistic nature of Large Language Models (LLMs) introduces an element of unpredictability, raising concerns about potential discrepancies in their output. This paper introduces an innovative approach aims to generate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Md Sadman Sakib , Yu Sun

Can LLMs accurately adjust their confidence when facing opposition? Building on previous studies measuring calibration on static fact-based question-answering tasks, we evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) in a dynamic, adversarial debate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Pradyumna Shyama Prasad , Minh Nhat Nguyen

Large language models (LLMs) can generate long-form and coherent text, yet they often hallucinate facts, which undermines their reliability. To mitigate this issue, inference-time methods steer LLM representations toward the "truthful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Farima Fatahi Bayat , Xin Liu , H. V. Jagadish , Lu Wang

With the development of Large Language Models (LLMs), numerous benchmarks have been proposed to measure and compare the capabilities of different LLMs. However, evaluating LLMs is costly due to the large number of test instances and their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Xu-Xiang Zhong , Chao Yi , Han-Jia Ye

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing with their impressive reasoning and question-answering capabilities. However, these models are sometimes prone to generating credible-sounding but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ranganath Krishnan , Piyush Khanna , Omesh Tickoo

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly rely on long-form, multi-step reasoning to solve complex tasks such as mathematical problem solving and scientific question answering. Despite strong performance, existing confidence estimation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhenjiang Mao , Anirudhh Venkat , Artem Bisliouk , Akshat Kothiyal , Sindhura Kumbakonam Subramanian , Saithej Singhu , Ivan Ruchkin

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have achieved impressive milestones in natural language processing (NLP). Despite their impressive performance, the models are known to pose important risks. As these models are deployed in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Ke Shen , Mayank Kejriwal

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a popular choice for many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks due to their versatility and ability to produce high-quality results. Specifically, they are increasingly used for automatic code…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Jessica López Espejel , Mahaman Sanoussi Yahaya Alassan , Merieme Bouhandi , Walid Dahhane , El Hassane Ettifouri

This study investigates the capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to infer the Big Five personality traits from free-form user interactions. The results demonstrate that a chatbot powered by GPT-4 can infer personality with moderate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Heinrich Peters , Moran Cerf , Sandra C. Matz

Large foundation models, including large language models (LLMs), vision transformers (ViTs), diffusion, and LLM-based multimodal models, are revolutionizing the entire machine learning lifecycle, from training to deployment. However, the…

Assessing the reliability of Large Language Models (LLMs) by confidence elicitation is a prominent approach to AI safety in high-stakes applications, such as healthcare and finance. Existing methods either require expensive computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhaohan Zhang , Ziquan Liu , Ioannis Patras

In the deployment of large language models (LLMs), accurate confidence estimation is critical for assessing the credibility of model predictions. However, existing methods often fail to overcome the issue of overconfidence on incorrect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Pei Wang , Yejie Wang , Muxi Diao , Keqing He , Guanting Dong , Weiran Xu

Language models (LMs) should provide reliable confidence estimates to help users detect mistakes in their outputs and defer to human experts when necessary. Asking a language model to assess its confidence ("Score your confidence from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Vaishnavi Shrivastava , Ananya Kumar , Percy Liang

Selecting language models in business contexts requires a careful analysis of the final financial benefits of the investment. However, the emphasis of academia and industry analysis of LLM is solely on performance. This work introduces a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Geraldo Xexéo , Filipe Braida , Marcus Parreiras , Paulo Xavier

Handling graph data is one of the most difficult tasks. Traditional techniques, such as those based on geometry and matrix factorization, rely on assumptions about the data relations that become inadequate when handling large and complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Zhenyu Qian , Yiming Qian , Yuting Song , Fei Gao , Hai Jin , Chen Yu , Xia Xie
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