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AI Agents have rapidly gained prominence in both research and industry as systems that extend large language models with planning, tool use, memory, and goal-directed action. Despite this progress, the development and maintenance of Agent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ali Asgari , Annibale Panichella , Pouria Derakhshanfar , Mitchell Olsthoorn

Many modern software systems are built as a set of autonomous software components (also called agents) that collaborate with each other and are situated in an environment. To keep these multiagent systems operational under abnormal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-19 João Faccin , Ingrid Nunes , Abdelwahab Hamou-Lhadj

Graphical User Interface (GUI) Agents have emerged as a transformative paradigm in human-computer interaction, evolving from rule-based automation scripts to sophisticated AI-driven systems capable of understanding and executing complex…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Fei Tang , Haolei Xu , Hang Zhang , Siqi Chen , Xingyu Wu , Yongliang Shen , Wenqi Zhang , Guiyang Hou , Zeqi Tan , Yuchen Yan , Kaitao Song , Jian Shao , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang

Current AI agent frameworks commit early to a single interaction protocol, a fixed tool integration strategy, and static user models, limiting their deployment across diverse interaction paradigms. To address these constraints, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Alfred Shen , Aaron Shen

LLM-driven GUI agents are increasingly used in production systems to automate workflows and simulate users for evaluation and optimization. Yet most GUI-agent evaluations emphasize task success and provide limited evidence on whether agents…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Maria Movin , Claudia Hauff , Aron Henriksson , Panagiotis Papapetrou

With the development of foundation model (FM), agentic AI systems are getting more attention, yet their inherent issues like hallucination and poor reasoning, coupled with the frequent ad-hoc nature of system design, lead to unreliable and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Minh-Dung Dao , Quy Minh Le , Hoang Thanh Lam , Duc-Trong Le , Quoc-Viet Pham , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

What should a developer inspect before deploying an LLM agent: the model, the tool code, the deployment configuration, or all three? In practice, many security failures in agent systems arise not from model weights alone, but from the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Haiyue Zhang , Yi Nian , Yue Zhao

Bug fixing holds significant importance in software development and maintenance. Recent research has made notable progress in exploring the potential of large language models (LLMs) for automatic bug fixing. However, existing studies often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yuwei Zhang , Zhi Jin , Ying Xing , Ge Li

We introduce an architecture for studying the behavior of large language model (LLM) agents in the absence of externally imposed tasks. Our continuous reason and act framework, using persistent memory and self-feedback, enables sustained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Stefan Szeider

DL frameworks are the basis of constructing all DL programs and models, and thus their bugs could lead to the unexpected behaviors of any DL program or model relying on them. Such a wide effect demonstrates the necessity and importance of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Junjie Chen , Yihua Liang , Qingchao Shen , Jiajun Jiang , Shuochuan Li

AI agents are increasingly deployed to execute important tasks. While rising accuracy scores on standard benchmarks suggest rapid progress, many agents still continue to fail in practice. This discrepancy highlights a fundamental limitation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Stephan Rabanser , Sayash Kapoor , Peter Kirgis , Kangheng Liu , Saiteja Utpala , Arvind Narayanan

As AI agents built on large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in society, issues of coordination, control, delegation, and accountability are entangled with concerns over their reliability. To design and implement LLM…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-09 R. Patrick Xian , Garry A. Gabison , Ahmed Alaa , Christoph Riedl , Grigorios G. Chrysos

Large-language-model (LLM) agents exhibit complex, context-sensitive behaviour that quickly renders static benchmarks and ad-hoc manual testing obsolete. We present Neo, a configurable, multi-agent framework that automates realistic,…

Large Language Model (LLM) agent systems have experienced rapid adoption across diverse domains, yet they suffer from critical user experience problems that limit their practical deployment. Through an empirical analysis of over 40,000…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Jianshu She

Existing frameworks for LLM-based agent architectures describe systems from a single perspective: industry guides (Anthropic, Google, LangChain) focus on execution topology -- how data flows -- while cognitive science surveys focus on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jia Huang , Joey Tianyi Zhou

Behavioral studies of LLM-based software engineering agents extract operational rules about which trajectory shapes correlate with higher resolution rates: that a test step follows a code modification, that error cascades are short, or that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wei Ma , Zhi Chen , Jingxu Gu , Tianling Li , Shangqing Liu , Lingxiao Jiang

Large Language Model (LLM) based agents are powerful yet fundamentally static after deployment, lacking the ability to autonomously expand capabilities, generate new tools, or evolve their reasoning. This work introduces a hierarchical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Indrajit Kar , Sammy Zonunpuia , Zonunfeli Ralte

Advancements in generative models have enabled multi-agent systems (MAS) to perform complex virtual tasks such as writing and code generation, which do not generalize well to physical multi-agent robotic teams. Current frameworks often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yuanchen Bai , Zijian Ding , Angelique Taylor

LLM multi-agent systems often coordinate through natural-language dialogue or loosely structured shared memory, making intermediate state difficult to validate, attribute, and audit. We introduce PatchBoard, a schema-grounded collaboration…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Shuyu Zhang , Yaqi Shi , Lu Wang
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