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Related papers: An Empirical Study of Bugs in Modern LLM Agent Fra…

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In the age of large language models (LLMs), autonomous agents have emerged as a powerful paradigm for achieving general intelligence. These agents dynamically leverage tools, memory, and reasoning capabilities to accomplish user-defined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Chaojia Yu , Zihan Cheng , Hanwen Cui , Yishuo Gao , Zexu Luo , Yijin Wang , Hangbin Zheng , Yong Zhao

AI-based systems, including Large Language Models (LLM), impact millions by supporting diverse tasks but face issues like misinformation, bias, and misuse. AI ethics is crucial as new technologies and concerns emerge, but objective,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-19 José Antonio Siqueira de Cerqueira , Mamia Agbese , Rebekah Rousi , Nannan Xi , Juho Hamari , Pekka Abrahamsson

Consensus protocols form the backbone of distributed systems and blockchains, where implementation bugs can cause data corruption and financial losses. While LLM-based approaches show promise in code analysis, they struggle with deep…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiang Liu , Sa Song , Zhaowei Zhang , Huiying Lan , Jason Zeng , Ming Wu , Michael Heinrich , Yong Sun , Ceyao Zhang

Functional correctness is critical for ensuring the reliability and security of network protocol implementations. Functional bugs, instances where implementations diverge from behaviors specified in RFC documents, can lead to severe…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Mingwei Zheng , Chengpeng Wang , Xuwei Liu , Jinyao Guo , Shiwei Feng , Xiangyu Zhang

Agentic AI systems, which leverage multiple autonomous agents and large language models (LLMs), are increasingly used to address complex, multi-step tasks. The safety, security, and functionality of these systems are critical, especially in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Edoardo Allegrini , Ananth Shreekumar , Z. Berkay Celik

Software debugging is a time-consuming endeavor involving a series of steps, such as fault localization and patch generation, each requiring thorough analysis and a deep understanding of the underlying logic. While large language models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Cheryl Lee , Chunqiu Steven Xia , Longji Yang , Jen-tse Huang , Zhouruixin Zhu , Lingming Zhang , Michael R. Lyu

Web agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can autonomously perform complex, multistep tasks in dynamic web environments. However, current evaluations mostly focus on the overall success while overlooking intermediate errors. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Daniel Röder , Akhil Juneja , Roland Roller , Sven Schmeier

In an era where vast amounts of data are collected and processed from diverse sources, there is a growing demand for sophisticated AI systems capable of intelligently fusing and analyzing this information. To address these challenges,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Amine Ben Hassouna , Hana Chaari , Ines Belhaj

As Large Language Models (LLMs) evolve from code generators into collaborative partners for software engineers, our methods for evaluation are lagging. Current benchmarks, focused on code correctness, fail to capture the nuanced,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Tao Dong , Harini Sampath , Ja Young Lee , Sherry Y. Shi , Andrew Macvean

LLM-based agents represent a paradigm shift in AI, enabling autonomous systems to plan, reason, and use tools while interacting with dynamic environments. This paper provides the first comprehensive survey of evaluation methods for these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Asaf Yehudai , Lilach Eden , Alan Li , Guy Uziel , Yilun Zhao , Roy Bar-Haim , Arman Cohan , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer

Large language model-based multi-agent systems have shown great abilities across various tasks due to the collaboration of expert agents, each focusing on a specific domain. However, the impact of clumsy or even malicious agents--those who…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jen-tse Huang , Jiaxu Zhou , Tailin Jin , Xuhui Zhou , Zixi Chen , Wenxuan Wang , Youliang Yuan , Michael R. Lyu , Maarten Sap

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models promise improved problem-solving through collaboration, yet they often fail to consistently outperform strong single-agent baselines due to error propagation at inter-agent message…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Bohan Lin , Kuo Yang , Zelin Tan , Yingchuan Lai , Chen Zhang , Guibin Zhang , Xinlei Yu , Miao Yu , Xu Wang , Yudong Zhang , Yang Wang

Large language model (LLM) multi-agent coding systems typically fix agent capabilities at design time. We study an alternative setting, earned autonomy, in which a coding agent starts with zero pre-defined functions and incrementally builds…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yinghao Wang , Cheng Wang

Static analyzers play a critical role in identifying bugs early in the software development lifecycle, but their rule implementations are often under-tested and prone to inconsistencies. To address this, we propose StaAgent, an agentic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Elijah Nnorom , Md Basim Uddin Ahmed , Jiho Shin , Hung Viet Pham , Song Wang

As multi-agent systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in real-world workflows, users with diverse technical backgrounds are now building and refining their own agentic processes. However, these systems can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Xinru Wang , Ming Yin , Eunyee Koh , Mustafa Doga Dogan

The development of LLM-based autonomous agents for end-to-end software development represents a significant paradigm shift in software engineering. However, the scientific evaluation of these systems is hampered by significant challenges,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Zhengran Zeng , Yixin Li , Rui Xie , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents leverage the advanced reasoning capabilities of LLMs in real-world applications. To interface with an environment, these agents often rely on tools, such as web search or database APIs. As the agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Ivan Milev , Mislav Balunović , Maximilian Baader , Martin Vechev

Deep Learning methods are becoming prominent in automated software bug detection; however, they lack the global understanding of the given code. Consequently, their performance tends to degrade, especially when they are applied to large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Srita Padmanabhuni , Bhargavi Karuturi , Jerusha Karen Indupalli , Santhan Reddy Chilla , Vivek Yelleti

AI coding agents increasingly act directly within software environments, yet existing analyses of their failures rely on benchmark trajectories that miss how developers actually experience misalignment. We present an observational study of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ningzhi Tang , Chaoran Chen , Gelei Xu , Yiyu Shi , Yu Huang , Collin McMillan , Tao Dong , Toby Jia-Jun Li

The rapid evolution of neural architectures - from multilayer perceptrons to large-scale Transformer-based models - has enabled language models (LLMs) to exhibit emergent agentic behaviours when equipped with memory, planning, and external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Andrejs Sorstkins , Josh Bailey , Dr Alistair Baron