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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong inductive reasoning ability across various domains, but their reliability is hindered by the outdated knowledge and hallucinations. Retrieval-Augmented Generation mitigates these issues by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Tianjun Yao , Haoxuan Li , Zhiqiang Shen , Pan Li , Tongliang Liu , Kun Zhang

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have excelled in natural language processing tasks but face significant challenges in complex reasoning tasks such as mathematical reasoning and code generation. To address these limitations, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Xingyu Chen , Junxiu An , Jun Guo , Li Wang , Jingcai Guo

Knowledge graphs have emerged as a popular method for injecting up-to-date, factual knowledge into large language models (LLMs). This is typically achieved by converting the knowledge graph into text that the LLM can process in context.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Elan Markowitz , Krupa Galiya , Greg Ver Steeg , Aram Galstyan

Forecasting future links is a central task in temporal graph (TG) reasoning, requiring models to leverage historical interactions to predict upcoming ones. Traditional neural approaches, such as temporal graph neural networks, achieve…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across a wide range of tasks; however, they still encounter challenges in reasoning tasks that require understanding and inferring relationships between distinct pieces of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Haoyu Han , Yaochen Xie , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Sreyashi Nag , William Headden , Hui Liu , Yang Li , Chen Luo , Shuiwang Ji , Qi He , Jiliang Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential across various domains. However, they often struggle with integrating external knowledge and performing complex reasoning, leading to hallucinations and unreliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yao Cheng , Yibo Zhao , Jiapeng Zhu , Yao Liu , Xing Sun , Xiang Li

While large language models (LLMs) have made considerable advancements in understanding and generating unstructured text, their application in structured data remains underexplored. Particularly, using LLMs for complex reasoning tasks on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Jiho Kim , Yeonsu Kwon , Yohan Jo , Edward Choi

Large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable strides in various natural language processing tasks, but their performance on complex reasoning problems remains hindered by a lack of explainability and trustworthiness. This issue, often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Rong Wu , Pinlong Cai , Jianbiao Mei , Licheng Wen , Tao Hu , Xuemeng Yang , Daocheng Fu , Botian Shi

Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) presents significant challenges due to the structural and semantic variations across input graphs. Existing works rely on Large Language Model (LLM) agents for graph traversal and retrieval; an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Costas Mavromatis , Soji Adeshina , Vassilis N. Ioannidis , Zhen Han , Qi Zhu , Ian Robinson , Bryan Thompson , Huzefa Rangwala , George Karypis

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) represent relationships between entities in a graph structure and have been widely studied as promising tools for realizing recommendations that consider the accurate content information of items. However, traditional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Keigo Sakurai , Ren Togo , Takahiro Ogawa , Miki Haseyama

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive natural language capabilities but often struggle with knowledge-intensive reasoning tasks. Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA), which leverages structured Knowledge Graphs (KGs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Shuai Wang , Yinan Yu

In the realm of computational knowledge representation, Knowledge Graph Reasoning (KG-R) stands at the forefront of facilitating sophisticated inferential capabilities across multifarious domains. The quintessence of this research…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Chen Li , Haotian Zheng , Yiping Sun , Cangqing Wang , Liqiang Yu , Che Chang , Xinyu Tian , Bo Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) exploit fine-tuning as a technique to adapt to diverse goals, thanks to task-specific training data. Task specificity should go hand in hand with domain orientation, that is, the specialization of an LLM to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Teodoro Baldazzi , Luigi Bellomarini , Stefano Ceri , Andrea Colombo , Andrea Gentili , Emanuel Sallinger

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in many real-world applications. Nonetheless, LLMs are often criticized for their tendency to produce hallucinations, wherein the models fabricate incorrect statements…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Qinggang Zhang , Junnan Dong , Hao Chen , Daochen Zha , Zailiang Yu , Xiao Huang

Although Large Language Models achieve strong success in many tasks, they still suffer from hallucinations and knowledge deficiencies in real-world applications. Many knowledge graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (KG-RAG) methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Hairu Wang , Yuan Feng , Xike Xie , S Kevin Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive proficiency in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, which involve increasingly complex reasoning. Knowledge reasoning, a primary type of reasoning, aims at deriving new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Yifei Zhang , Xintao Wang , Jiaqing Liang , Sirui Xia , Lida Chen , Yanghua Xiao

Knowledge graph reasoning (KGR) is the task of inferring new knowledge by performing logical deductions on knowledge graphs. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in complex reasoning tasks. Despite…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yu Liu , Xixun Lin , Yanmin Shang , Yangxi Li , Shi Wang , Yanan Cao

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing. However, in knowledge graph question answering tasks (KGQA), there remains the issue of answering questions that require multi-hop reasoning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Runxuan Liu , Bei Luo , Jiaqi Li , Baoxin Wang , Ming Liu , Dayong Wu , Shijin Wang , Bing Qin

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) lack direct interaction between learners and instructors, making it challenging for learners to understand new knowledge concepts. Recently, learners have increasingly used Large Language Models (LLMs) to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Mohamed Abdelmagied , Mohamed Amine Chatti , Shoeb Joarder , Qurat Ul Ain , Rawaa Alatrash

Knowledge-intensive tasks pose a significant challenge for Machine Learning (ML) techniques. Commonly adopted methods, such as Large Language Models (LLMs), often exhibit limitations when applied to such tasks. Nevertheless, there have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Albert Sawczyn , Jakub Binkowski , Piotr Bielak , Tomasz Kajdanowicz