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Inverse design aims to find design parameters $x$ achieving target performance $y^*$. Generative approaches learn bidirectional mappings between designs and labels, enabling diverse solution sampling. However, standard conditional flow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Miguel de Campos , Werner Krebs , Hanno Gottschalk

Flow matching models effectively represent complex distributions, yet estimating expectations of functions of their outputs remains challenging under limited sampling budgets. Independent sampling often yields high-variance estimates,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Xinshuang Liu , Runfa Blark Li , Shaoxiu Wei , Truong Nguyen

The recent emergence of the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) framework has sparked significant interest in quantifying the sensing capabilities inherent in communication signals. However, existing literature has mainly focused on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Lei Xie , Hengtao He , Jun Tong , Fan Liu , Shenghui Song

Conditional flow matching (CFM) has emerged as a powerful framework for training continuous normalizing flows due to its computational efficiency and effectiveness. However, standard CFM often produces paths that deviate significantly from…

A receiver with perfect channel state information (CSI) in a point-to-point multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel can compute the transmit beamforming vector that maximizes the transmission rate. For frequency-division duplex, a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-22 Kritsada Mamat , Wiroonsak Santipach

In this letter, we develop a low-complexity transceiver design, referred to as semi-random beam pairing (SRBP), for sparse multipath massive MIMO channels. By exploring a sparse representation of the MIMO channel in the virtual angular…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Yuehua Yu , Peng Wang , He Chen , Yonghui Li , Branka Vucetic

Existing generative models for time series forecasting often transform simple priors (typically Gaussian) into complex data distributions. However, their sampling initialization, independent of historical data, hinders the capture of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Huibo Xu , Runlong Yu , Likang Wu , Xianquan Wang , Qi Liu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has recently emerged as a powerful technique for improving image and video generation in Diffusion and Flow Matching models, specifically for enhancing output quality and alignment with prompts. A critical step…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Feng Wang , Zihao Yu

Score-based diffusion models have emerged as one of the most promising frameworks for deep generative modelling. In this work we conduct a systematic comparison and theoretical analysis of different approaches to learning conditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Georgios Batzolis , Jan Stanczuk , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Christian Etmann

Rectified Flow offers a simple and effective approach to high-quality generative modeling by learning a velocity field. However, we identify a limitation in directly modeling the velocity with an unconstrained neural network: the learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xixi Hu , Runlong Liao , Keyang Xu , Bo Liu , Yeqing Li , Eugene Ie , Hongliang Fei , Qiang Liu

Trajectory prediction and generation are crucial for autonomous robots in dynamic environments. While prior research has typically focused on either prediction or generation, our approach unifies these tasks to provide a versatile framework…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Sean Ye , Matthew Gombolay

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has emerged as a key technique in machine learning, tackling challenges such as limited labeled data, high annotation costs, and variable wireless channel conditions. It is essential for developing Channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Jun Jiang , Xiaolong Ruan , Shugong Xu

High-mobility scenarios are becoming increasingly critical in next-generation communication systems. While multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) stands as a prominent technology, its…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-22 Hengyu Zhang , Xuehan Wang , Xu Shi , Jintao Wang , Zhaohui Yang

In this paper, we investigate the blind channel estimation problem for MIMO systems under Rayleigh fading channel. Conventional MIMO communication techniques require transmitting a considerable amount of training symbols as pilots in each…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-17 Jiancheng Tang , Qianqian Yang , Zhaoyang Zhang

This paper introduces a sensing management method for integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Conventional communication systems employ channel estimation procedures…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-09 Eren Berk Kama , Murat Babek Salman , Isaac Skog , Emil Björnson

In intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) assisted communication systems, the acquisition of channel state information (CSI) is a crucial impediment for achieving the beamforming gain of IRS because of the considerable overhead required for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Zhaorui Wang , Liang Liu , Shuguang Cui

Dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC) has attracted considerable attention. This paper considers the frequency-selective multipath fading environment and proposes DFRC waveform design schemes based on multiple-input and multiple-output…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Tianchen Liu , Yifei Liu , Liang Wu , Bo An , Zaichen Zhang , Jian Dang , Jiangzhou Wang

Robust beamforming design under imperfect channel state information (CSI) is a fundamental challenge in multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems, particularly when the channel estimation error statistics are unknown.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Wenzhuo Zou , Ming-Min Zhao , An Liu , Min-Jian Zhao

Accurate multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel estimation is critical for next-generation wireless systems, enabling enhanced communication and sensing performance. Traditional model-based channel estimation methods suffer, however,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-02 Seyed Alireza Javid , Nuria González-Prelcic

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive MIMO) can provide large spectral and energy efficiency gains. Nevertheless, its potential is conditioned on acquiring accurate channel state information (CSI). In time division duplexing (TDD)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Salah Eddine Hajri , Mohamad Assaad