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We propose a new approach to train a variational information bottleneck (VIB) that improves its robustness to adversarial perturbations. Unlike the traditional methods where the hard labels are usually used for the classification task, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Weizhu Qian , Bowei Chen , Xiaowei Huang

In recent years, watermarking generative tabular data has become a prominent framework to protect against the misuse of synthetic data. However, while most prior work in watermarking methods for tabular data demonstrate a wide variety of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Dung Daniel Ngo , Archan Ray , Akshay Seshadri , Daniel Scott , Saheed Obitayo , Niraj Kumar , Vamsi K. Potluru , Marco Pistoia , Manuela Veloso

The rapid advancement of generative AI has underscored the critical need for identifying image ownership and protecting copyrights. This makes post-processing image watermarking an essential tool -- it involves embedding a specific…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xinyu Zhang , Ziping Dong , Qingyu Liu , Yuan Hong , Zhongjie Ba , Kui Ren

Digital contents have grown dramatically in recent years, leading to increased attention to copyright. Image watermarking has been considered one of the most popular methods for copyright protection. With the recent advancements in applying…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Maedeh Jamali , Nader Karim , Pejman Khadivi , Shahram Shirani , Shadrokh Samavi

Ensuring robustness in image watermarking is crucial for and maintaining content integrity under diverse transformations. Recent self-supervised learning (SSL) approaches, such as DINO, have been leveraged for watermarking but primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Muhammad Ahtesham , Xin Zhong

Generated contents have raised serious concerns about copyright protection, image provenance, and credit attribution. A potential solution for these problems is watermarking. Recently, content watermarking for text-to-image diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yifan Zhu , Yihan Wang , Xiao-Shan Gao

The advancement of artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) has created a pressing need for robust image watermarking that can withstand both conventional signal processing and novel semantic editing attacks. Current deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yichao Tang , Mingyang Li , Di Miao , Sheng Li , Zhenxing Qian , Xinpeng Zhang

Recent advances in sophisticated synthetic speech generated from text-to-speech (TTS) or voice conversion (VC) systems cause threats to the existing automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems. Since such synthetic speech is generated from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-15 Youngsik Eom , Yeonghyeon Lee , Ji Sub Um , Hoirin Kim

Watermarking is an important copyright protection technology which generally embeds the identity information into the carrier imperceptibly. Then the identity can be extracted to prove the copyright from the watermarked carrier even after…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Sulong Ge , Zhihua Xia , Jianwei Fei , Xingming Sun , Jian Weng

The Information Bottleneck (IB) principle facilitates effective representation learning by preserving label-relevant information while compressing irrelevant information. However, its strong reliance on accurate labels makes it inherently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Yi Huang , Qingyun Sun , Yisen Gao , Haonan Yuan , Xingcheng Fu , Jianxin Li

In fragile watermarking, a sensitive watermark is embedded in an object in a manner such that the watermark breaks upon tampering. This fragile process can be used to ensure the integrity and source of watermarked objects. While fragile…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Preston K. Robinette , Dung T. Nguyen , Samuel Sasaki , Taylor T. Johnson

Safeguarding the intellectual property of machine learning models has emerged as a pressing concern in AI security. Model watermarking is a powerful technique for protecting ownership of machine learning models, yet its reliability has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Aoting Hu , Yanzhi Chen , Renjie Xie , Adrian Weller

In unsecured network environments, ownership protection of digital contents, such as images, is becoming a growing concern. Different watermarking methods have been proposed to address the copyright protection of digital materials.…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Mahsa Kadkhodaei , Shadrokh Samavi

Invisible watermarking for autoregressive (AR) image generation has recently gained attention as a means of protecting image ownership and tracing AI-generated content. However, existing approaches suffer from three key limitations: (1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yigit Yilmaz , Elena Petrova , Mehmet Kaya , Lucia Rossi , Amir Rahman

Watermarking is the process of embedding information into an image that can survive under distortions, while requiring the encoded image to have little or no perceptual difference from the original image. Recently, deep learning-based…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Xiyang Luo , Ruohan Zhan , Huiwen Chang , Feng Yang , Peyman Milanfar

The availability and easy access to digital communication increase the risk of copyrighted material piracy. In order to detect illegal use or distribution of data, digital watermarking has been proposed as a suitable tool. It protects the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Bingyang Wen , Sergul Aydore

Intellectual property protection of deep neural networks is receiving attention from more and more researchers, and the latest research applies model watermarking to generative models for image processing. However, the existing watermarking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Li Zhang , Yong Liu , Shaoteng Liu , Tianshu Yang , Yexin Wang , Xinpeng Zhang , Hanzhou Wu

State-of-the-art text-to-image models generate photorealistic images at an unprecedented speed. This work focuses on models that operate in a bitwise autoregressive manner over a discrete set of tokens that is practically infinite in size.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Louis Kerner , Michel Meintz , Bihe Zhao , Franziska Boenisch , Adam Dziedzic

Image watermarking involves embedding and extracting watermarks within a cover image, with deep learning approaches emerging to bolster generalization and robustness. Predominantly, current methods employ convolution and concatenation for…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Agnibh Dasgupta , Xin Zhong

Watermarking methods have always been effective means of protecting intellectual property, yet they face significant challenges. Although existing deep learning-based watermarking systems can hide watermarks in images with minimal impact on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Xuan Ding , Xiu Yan , Chuanlong Xie , Yao Zhu