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Modern AI systems increasingly rely on workflows composed of multiple interacting agents, some powered by large language models (LLMs) and others by conventional computational modules. This paper analyzes the fundamental tradeoffs between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ya-Ting Yang , Quanyan Zhu

The "AI singularity" is often miscast as a monolithic, godlike mind. Evolution suggests a different path: intelligence is fundamentally plural, social, and relational. Recent advances in agentic AI reveal that frontier reasoning models,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 James Evans , Benjamin Bratton , Blaise Agüera y Arcas

This position paper argues that agentic AI systems should be designed and evaluated as \emph{marginal token allocation economies} rather than as text generators priced by the unit. We follow a single request -- a developer asking a coding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Siqi Zhu

Purpose: Corporate R&D faces a persistent productivity paradox: rising investment and expanding scientific knowledge have not translated into proportional innovation output. In pharmaceuticals this is captured as Eroom's Law; analogous…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Haithem Boussaid , Marc Heemskerk , Jimmy Siméon , Adam Breen , Merouane Debbah

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled a new class of agentic AI systems that reason, plan, and act by invoking external tools. However, most existing agentic architectures remain centralized and monolithic, limiting scalability,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ya-Ting Yang , Quanyan Zhu

We envision a new era of AI, termed agentic organization, where agents solve complex problems by working collaboratively and concurrently, enabling outcomes beyond individual intelligence. To realize this vision, we introduce asynchronous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Zewen Chi , Li Dong , Qingxiu Dong , Yaru Hao , Xun Wu , Shaohan Huang , Furu Wei

Recent work shows that pricing with symmetric LLM agents leads to algorithmic collusion. We show that collusion is fragile under the heterogeneity typical of real deployments. In a stylized repeated-pricing model, heterogeneity in patience…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Jussi Keppo , Yuze Li , Gerry Tsoukalas , Nuo Yuan

As foundation models are increasingly deployed as interacting agents in multi-agent systems, their collective behavior raises new challenges for trustworthiness, transparency, and accountability. Traditional coordination mechanisms, such as…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Brendan Gho , Suman Muppavarapu , Afnan Shaik , Tyson Tsay , Atharva Mohan , James Begin , Kevin Zhu , Archana Vaidheeswaran , Vasu Sharma

Heterogeneous hardware and dynamic workloads worsen long-standing OS bottlenecks in scalability, adaptability, and manageability. At the same time, advances in machine learning (ML), large language models (LLMs), and agent-based methods…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Yifan Zhang , Xinkui Zhao , Ziying Li , Guanjie Cheng , Jianwei Yin , Lufei Zhang , Zuoning Chen

Serverless computing is transforming cloud application development, but the performance-cost trade-offs of control plane designs remain poorly understood due to a lack of open, cross-platform benchmarks and detailed system analyses. In this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Leonid Kondrashov , Boxi Zhou , Hancheng Wang , Dmitrii Ustiugov

The rapid advancement of Generative AI has catalyzed the emergence of autonomous AI agents, presenting unprecedented challenges for enterprise computing infrastructures. Current enterprise API architectures are predominantly designed for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Vaibhav Tupe , Shrinath Thube

Artificial intelligence is increasingly embedded in human decision making. In some cases, it enhances human reasoning. In others, it fosters excessive cognitive dependence. This paper introduces a conceptual and mathematical framework to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Eduardo Di Santi

A natural intuition about the economics of AI agents is that, because agents can be replicated at very low marginal cost, agent labor may be supplied highly elastically, placing downward pressure on cognitive-labor wages when it closely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Siqi Zhu

AI agents are emerging as a dominant workload in a wide range of applications, promising to be the vehicle that delivers the promised benefits of AI to enterprises and consumers. Unlike conventional software or static inference, agentic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zain Asgar , Michelle Nguyen , Sachin Katti

Agentic AI systems - systems that can pursue goals through multi-step planning and tool-mediated action with limited direct supervision - are moving from experimental prototypes to enterprise deployments. This transition introduces tensions…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Nelly Dux , Cristina Alaimo , Philippe Roussiere , Abhishek Kumar Mishra

Agentic AI represents a significant shift in how intelligence is applied within organizations, moving beyond AI-assisted tools toward autonomous systems capable of reasoning, decision-making, and coordinated action across workflows. As…

Despite their evolution from early copper-token schemes to sophisticated digital solutions, loyalty programs remain predominantly closed ecosystems, with brands retaining full control over all components. Coalition loyalty programs emerged…

General Economics · Economics 2026-01-01 Paul Osemudiame Oamen , Robert Wesley , Pius Onobhayedo

As artificial intelligence scales, the concepts of alignment, agency, and autonomy have become central to AI safety, governance, and control. However, even in human contexts, these terms lack universal definitions, varying across…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Krti Tallam

The field of Artificial Intelligence is undergoing a transition from Generative AI -- probabilistic generation of text and images -- to Agentic AI, in which autonomous systems execute actions within external environments on behalf of users.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Sheng Cao , Zhao Chang , Chang Li , Hannan Li , Liyao Fu , Ji Tang

Firms are deploying more capable AI systems, but organizational controls often have not kept pace. These systems can generate greater productivity gains, but high-value uses require broader authority exposure -- data access, workflow…

General Economics · Economics 2026-04-28 Sukwoong Choi