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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable promise in communicating with humans. Their potential use as artificial partners with humans in sociological experiments involving conversation is an exciting prospect. But how viable is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 James Flamino , Mohammed Shahid Modi , Boleslaw K. Szymanski , Brendan Cross , Colton Mikolajczyk

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly tasked with strategic decision-making under incomplete information, such as in negotiation and policymaking. While LLMs can excel at many such tasks, they also fail in ways that are poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Jan Sobotka , Mustafa O. Karabag , Ufuk Topcu

As Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) are increasingly deployed in domains such as shopping, health, and news, they are exposed to pervasive persuasive content. A critical question is how these models function as persuadees-how and why…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Haoyi Qiu , Yilun Zhou , Pranav Narayanan Venkit , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Jiaxin Zhang , Nanyun Peng , Chien-Sheng Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a variety of tasks, but their increasing autonomy in real-world applications raises concerns about their trustworthiness. While hallucinations-unintentional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Haoran Huan , Mihir Prabhudesai , Mengning Wu , Shantanu Jaiswal , Deepak Pathak

As large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents increasingly interact with humans in decision-making contexts, understanding the trust dynamics between humans and AI agents becomes a central concern. While considerable literature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Valeria Lerman , Yaniv Dover

Large language models (LLMs) frequently fail to challenge users' harmful beliefs in domains ranging from medical advice to social reasoning. We argue that these failures can be understood and addressed pragmatically as consequences of LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Myra Cheng , Robert D. Hawkins , Dan Jurafsky

When creating policies, plans, or designs for people, it is challenging for designers to foresee all of the ways in which people may reason and behave. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to simulate human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Karthik Sreedhar , Lydia Chilton

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have intensified the debate surrounding the fundamental nature of their reasoning capabilities. While achieving high performance on benchmarks such as GPQA and MMLU, these models exhibit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Santosh Kumar Radha , Oktay Goktas

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for many AI problems and exhibit remarkable in-context learning (ICL) capabilities. Compositional ability, solving unseen complex tasks that combine two or more simple tasks, is an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zhuoyan Xu , Zhenmei Shi , Yingyu Liang

Large language models (LLMs) can internally distinguish between evaluation and deployment contexts, a behaviour known as \emph{evaluation awareness}. This undermines AI safety evaluations, as models may conceal dangerous capabilities during…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Maheep Chaudhary , Ian Su , Nikhil Hooda , Nishith Shankar , Julia Tan , Kevin Zhu , Ryan Lagasse , Vasu Sharma , Ashwinee Panda

While Large Language Model (LLM) agents are often approached from the angle of action planning/generation to accomplish a goal (e.g., given by language descriptions), their abilities to collaborate with each other to achieve a joint goal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Run Peng , Ziqiao Ma , Amy Pang , Sikai Li , Zhang Xi-Jia , Yingzhuo Yu , Cristian-Paul Bara , Joyce Chai

Both humans and large language models (LLMs) exhibit content effects: biases in which the plausibility of the semantic content of a reasoning problem influences judgments regarding its logical validity. While this phenomenon in humans is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Leonardo Bertolazzi , Sandro Pezzelle , Raffaella Bernardi

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in understanding and reasoning about both visual and textual information. However, existing evaluation methods for LVLMs, primarily based on benchmarks like Visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Xinyu Wang , Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu

Hallucination is a long-standing problem that has been actively investigated in Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Existing research commonly attributes hallucinations to technical limitations or sycophancy bias, where the latter means the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xiangrui Liu , Man Luo , Agneet Chatterjee , Hua Wei , Chitta Baral , Yezhou Yang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in handling complex queries, much of the past work has depended on extensively annotated datasets by human experts. However, this reliance on fully-supervised annotations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Yongqi Tong , Sizhe Wang , Dawei Li , Yifan Wang , Simeng Han , Zi Lin , Chengsong Huang , Jiaxin Huang , Jingbo Shang

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for simulating complex social phenomena using human-like agents with specific traits. In human societies, value similarity is important for building trust and close relationships;…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yuki Sakamoto , Takahisa Uchida , Hiroshi Ishiguro

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world decision-making systems, understanding their behavioural vulnerabilities remains a critical challenge for AI safety and alignment. While existing evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Lili Zhang , Haomiaomiao Wang , Long Cheng , Libao Deng , Tomas Ward

Large language models (LLMs) are currently at the forefront of intertwining artificial intelligence (AI) systems with human communication and everyday life. Thus, aligning them with human values is of great importance. However, given the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Thilo Hagendorff

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained with reinforcement learning and verifiable rewards have achieved strong results on complex reasoning tasks. Recent work extends this paradigm to a multi-agent setting, where a meta-thinking agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zhiwei Zhang , Xiaomin Li , Yudi Lin , Hui Liu , Ramraj Chandradevan , Linlin Wu , Minhua Lin , Fali Wang , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Suhang Wang

The development and popularization of large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns that they will be used to create tailor-made, convincing arguments to push false or misleading narratives online. Early work has found that language…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Francesco Salvi , Manoel Horta Ribeiro , Riccardo Gallotti , Robert West