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We discuss various formalisms to describe string-to-string transformations. Many are based on automata and can be seen as operational descriptions, allowing direct implementations when the input scanner is deterministic. Alternatively, one…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Paul Gastin

After Gentili and Struppa introduced in 2006 the theory of quaternionic slice regular function, the theory has focused on functions on the so-called slice domains. The present work defines the class of speared domains, which is a rather…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-06-10 Riccardo Ghiloni , Caterina Stoppato

Transformer models trained on massive text corpora have become the de facto models for a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, learning effective word representations for function words remains challenging. Multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Shashank Sonkar , Naiming Liu , Richard G. Baraniuk

In context of the Wolfram Physics Project, a certain class of abstract rewrite systems known as "multiway systems" have played an important role in discrete models of spacetime and quantum mechanics. However, as abstract mathematical…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Yorick Zeschke

Deterministic two-way transducers define the robust class of regular functions which is, among other good properties, closed under composition. However, the best known algorithms for composing two-way transducers cause a double exponential…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-02-24 Luc Dartois , Paulin Fournier , Ismaël Jecker , Nathan Lhote

We study a new class of functions that arise naturally in quaternionic analysis, we call them "quasi regular functions". Like the well-known quaternionic regular functions, these functions provide representations of the quaternionic…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Igor Frenkel , Matvei Libine

Series-parallel (SP) graphs are binary edge-labeled graphs with a designated source and target vertex, built using serial and parallel composition. A set of graphs is recognizable if membership depends only on its image under a homomorphism…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Marius Bozga , Radu Iosif , Florian Zuleger

We study very smooth functions on the real line, namely Schwartz functions, that satisfy a finite identity relating their translates and a single modulation. Concretely, we assume there is a nontrivial linear combination of translates of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Vignon Oussa

Regular model checking is an exploration technique for infinite state systems where state spaces are represented as regular languages and transition relations are expressed using rational relations over infinite (or finite) strings. We…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Vrunda Dave , Taylor Dohmen , Shankara Narayana Krishna , Ashutosh Trivedi

We introduce a set of special functions called multiple polyexponential integrals, defined as iterated integrals of the exponential integral $\text{Ei}(z)$. These functions arise in certain perturbative expansions of the local solutions of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-09-26 Gleb Aminov , Paolo Arnaudo

We enhance the calculus of string diagrams for monoidal categories with hierarchical features in order to capture closed monoidal (and cartesian closed) structure. Using this new syntax we formulate an automatic differentiation algorithm…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Mario Alvarez-Picallo , Dan R. Ghica , David Sprunger , Fabio Zanasi

We consider extensions of the language of Peano arithmetic by transfinitely iterated truth definitions satisfying uniform Tarskian biconditionals. Without further axioms, such theories are known to be conservative extensions of the original…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-10-31 Lev D. Beklemishev , Fedor N. Pakhomov

Entire functions in one complex variable are extremely relevant in several areas ranging from the study of convolution equations to special functions. An analog of entire functions in the quaternionic setting can be defined in the slice…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2016-11-08 Fabrizio Colombo , Irene Sabadini , Daniele C. Struppa

This paper provides a geometric characterization of subclasses of the regular languages. We use finite model theory to characterize objects like strings and trees as relational structures. Logical statements meeting certain criteria over…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Jonathan Rawski

Evolutionary computation can be used to optimize several different aspects of neural network architectures. For instance, the TaylorGLO method discovers novel, customized loss functions, resulting in improved performance, faster training,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Santiago Gonzalez , Xin Qiu , Risto Miikkulainen

We introduce constructive and classical systems for nonstandard arithmetic and show how variants of the functional interpretations due to Goedel and Shoenfield can be used to rewrite proofs performed in these systems into standard ones.…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-07-20 Benno van den Berg , Eyvind Briseid , Pavol Safarik

Submodular set functions are undoubtedly among the most important building blocks of combinatorial optimization. Somewhat surprisingly, continuous counterparts of such functions have also appeared in an analytic line of research where they…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-10 Kristóf Bérczi , Boglárka Gehér , András Imolay , László Lovász , Tamás Schwarcz

Sigmoid functions play an important role in many areas of applied mathematics, including machine learning, population dynamics and probability. We place the study of sigmoid functions in the context of the derivative sub-group of the group…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-02-17 Paul Barry

Data augmentation has been proven to be an effective technique for developing machine learning models that are robust to known classes of distributional shifts (e.g., rotations of images), and alignment regularization is a technique often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Haohan Wang , Zeyi Huang , Xindi Wu , Eric P. Xing

This work is a survey of the main results reported for the degree of extension of two models defining non-regular languages, namely the context-free grammar and the extended automaton over groups. More precisely, we recall the main results…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Victor Mitrana , Mihaela Păun