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Semantic scene understanding, including the perception and classification of moving agents, is essential to enabling safe and robust driving behaviours of autonomous vehicles. Cameras and LiDARs are commonly used for semantic scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Matthias Zeller , Daniel Casado Herraez , Bengisu Ayan , Jens Behley , Michael Heidingsfeld , Cyrill Stachniss

The perception of moving objects is crucial for autonomous robots performing collision avoidance in dynamic environments. LiDARs and cameras tremendously enhance scene interpretation but do not provide direct motion information and face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Matthias Zeller , Vardeep S. Sandhu , Benedikt Mersch , Jens Behley , Michael Heidingsfeld , Cyrill Stachniss

Contemporary registration devices for 3D visual information, such as LIDARs and various depth cameras, capture data as 3D point clouds. In turn, such clouds are challenging to be processed due to their size and complexity. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Dominik Zimny , Joanna Waczyńska , Tomasz Trzciński , Przemysław Spurek

Thanks to the complementary nature of millimeter wave radar and camera, deep learning-based radar-camera 3D object detection methods may reliably produce accurate detections even in low-visibility conditions. This makes them preferable to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Irfan Tito Kurniawan , Bambang Riyanto Trilaksono

Recent research has shown that mmWave radar sensing is effective for object detection in low visibility environments, which makes it an ideal technique in autonomous navigation systems such as autonomous vehicles. However, due to the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-21 Yue Sun , Honggang Zhang , Zhuoming Huang , Benyuan Liu

This paper presents a novel framework for robust 3D object detection from point clouds via cross-modal hallucination. Our proposed approach is agnostic to either hallucination direction between LiDAR and 4D radar. We introduce multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Jianning Deng , Gabriel Chan , Hantao Zhong , Chris Xiaoxuan Lu

Point cloud data now are popular data representations in a number of three-dimensional (3D) vision research realms. However, due to the limited performance of sensors and sensing noise, the raw data usually suffer from sparsity, noise, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Siwen Quan , Junhao Yu , Ziming Nie , Muze Wang , Sijia Feng , Pei An , Jiaqi Yang

Using 3D point clouds in odometry estimation in robotics often requires finding a set of correspondences between points in subsequent scans. While there are established methods for point clouds of sufficient quality, state-of-the-art still…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jan Michalczyk , Stephan Weiss , Jan Steinbrener

Millimeter-wave radar offers a promising sensing modality for autonomous systems thanks to its robustness in adverse conditions and low cost. However, its utility is significantly limited by the sparsity and low resolution of radar point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ruijie Zhang , Bixin Zeng , Shengpeng Wang , Fuhui Zhou , Wei Wang

Millimeter-wave radar enables robust environment perception in autonomous systems under adverse conditions yet suffers from sparse, noisy point clouds with low angular resolution. Existing diffusion-based radar enhancement methods either…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Hao Li , Xinqi Liu , Yaoqing Jin

Dense 3D visual mapping estimates as many as possible pixel depths, for each image. This results in very dense point clouds that often contain redundant and noisy information, especially for surfaces that are roughly planar, for instance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Luca Morreale , Andrea Romanoni , Matteo Matteucci

Radar is an important sensor for autonomous driving (AD) systems due to its robustness to adverse weather and different lighting conditions. Novel view synthesis using neural radiance fields (NeRFs) has recently received considerable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mahan Rafidashti , Ji Lan , Maryam Fatemi , Junsheng Fu , Lars Hammarstrand , Lennart Svensson

3D object detection is crucial for Autonomous Driving (AD) and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). However, most 3D detectors prioritize detection accuracy, often overlooking network inference speed in practical applications. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Liye Jia , Runwei Guan , Haocheng Zhao , Qiuchi Zhao , Ka Lok Man , Jeremy Smith , Limin Yu , Yutao Yue

3D object detection using point cloud (PC) data is essential for perception pipelines of autonomous driving, where efficient encoding is key to meeting stringent resource and latency requirements. PointPillars, a widely adopted bird's-eye…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Minjae Lee , Seongmin Park , Hyungmin Kim , Minyong Yoon , Janghwan Lee , Jun Won Choi , Nam Sung Kim , Mingu Kang , Jungwook Choi

Current Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems have significantly enhanced 3D object detection using LiDAR and camera data. However, these methods suffer from performance degradation in adverse weather conditions. The weather-robust 4D radar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Xun Huang , Jinlong Wang , Qiming Xia , Siheng Chen , Bisheng Yang , Xin Li , Cheng Wang , Chenglu Wen

Radar-based perception has gained increasing attention in autonomous driving, yet the inherent sparsity of radars poses challenges. Radar raw data often contains excessive noise, whereas radar point clouds retain only limited information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Jialong Wu , Mirko Meuter , Markus Schoeler , Matthias Rottmann

The worldwide commercialization of fifth generation (5G) wireless networks and the exciting possibilities offered by connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are pushing toward the deployment of heterogeneous sensors for tracking dynamic…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-03 Francesco Nardo , Davide Peressoni , Paolo Testolina , Marco Giordani , Andrea Zanella

Most autonomous vehicles are equipped with LiDAR sensors and stereo cameras. The former is very accurate but generates sparse data, whereas the latter is dense, has rich texture and color information but difficult to extract robust 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Farzin Negahbani , Onur Berk Töre , Fatma Güney , Baris Akgun

As the perception range of LiDAR expands, LiDAR-based 3D object detection contributes ever-increasingly to the long-range perception in autonomous driving. Mainstream 3D object detectors often build dense feature maps, where the cost is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Lue Fan , Yuxue Yang , Feng Wang , Naiyan Wang , Zhaoxiang Zhang

4D radar super-resolution, which aims to reconstruct sparse and noisy point clouds into dense and geometrically consistent representations, is a foundational problem in autonomous perception. However, existing methods often suffer from high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Minqing Huang , Shouyi Lu , Boyuan Zheng , Ziyao Li , Xiao Tang , Guirong Zhuo